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Ancient Persian Gods, Heroes, and Creatures - The Complete List
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Ancient Persian Gods, Heroes, and Creatures - The Complete List

The term 'mythology' comes from the Greek mythos (story-of-the-people) and logos (word or speech), meaning the spoken story of a people. Every civilization of the ancient world developed a belief system, which is characterized as 'mythology'...
Pazuzu
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Pazuzu

Pazuzu is an Assyrian/Babylonian demonic god who was most popular in the first millenium BCE. He was the son of Hanbi (also Hanba), king of the demons of the underworld, and brother to Humbaba, the demon-god protector of the Cedar Forest...
Native American Concept of Land Ownership
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Native American Concept of Land Ownership

The Native American concept of land ownership differs significantly from that of the European settlers who colonized the Americas or their descendants in that land could not be owned, only stewarded and lived with. The Earth is understood...
Demon Ridge-end Tile, Nara
Image by James Blake Wiener

Demon Ridge-end Tile, Nara

A ridge-end roof tile in the form of a demon face, Nakayama kiln, Nara, Japan. Nara Period (710-794 CE). (Tokyo National Museum)
Ravana
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ravana

Ravana is the mythical multi-headed demon-king of Lanka in Hindu mythology. With ten heads and twenty arms, Ravana could change into any form he wished. Representing the very essence of evil, he famously fought and ultimately lost a series...
Yaksha or Demon Guardians at the Temple of the Emerald Buddha
Image by Kim Martins

Yaksha or Demon Guardians at the Temple of the Emerald Buddha

Six pairs of giant demon guardians flank all entrances to the Temple of the Emerald Buddha in Bangkok, Thailand. They are known as yaksha or in Thai are simply called yak (giant), and they are Buddhist gods that protect against evil spirits...
Ravana the Demon King
Image by Henryart

Ravana the Demon King

A depiction of Ravana the rakshasa Demon king. In the Hindu epic poem 'Ramayana' Ravana is defeated by the hero Rama.
Face of the Demon Humbaba
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Face of the Demon Humbaba

Face of the demon Humbaba (Huwawa), a monster featured and slaughtered in the Epic of Gilgamesh, from Sippar, Southern Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq, Old Babylonian Period, 1800-1600 BCE. This example of his features was used in the interpretation...
Hittite relief of a Winged Lion-Headed Demon at Yazilikaya
Image by Carole Raddato

Hittite relief of a Winged Lion-Headed Demon at Yazilikaya

Entrance to Chamber B of the Yazilikaya Hittite Rock Sanctuary near Hattusa (13th century BCE) with a relief of a winged, lion-headed demon.
Three-Headed Demon
Image by Carole Raddato

Three-Headed Demon

Etruscan three-headed Demon from a pediment relief found in Orvieto (Italy). Dated to around 480 BCE. Altes Museum, Berlin.
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