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First Anglo-Sikh War
Definition by Mark Cartwright

First Anglo-Sikh War

The First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-6) was a short and bloody conflict won by the British East India Company (EIC) against the Sikh Empire. The EIC was keen to expand into northern India, but the Sikh army was a well-trained, well-equipped, and...
Second Anglo-Sikh War
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Second Anglo-Sikh War

The Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-9) once again saw the British East India Company defeat the Sikh Empire in northern India. The war, which started off as a rebellion against British colonial rule, included the high-casualty Battle of Chillianwala...
Battle of Ferozeshah
Article by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Ferozeshah

The Battle of Ferozeshah (aka Forezeshur) on 21-22 December 1845 was one of four major battles during the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-6) between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company (EIC). The British relentlessly attacked the...
First Anglo-Afghan War
Definition by Mark Cartwright

First Anglo-Afghan War

The First Anglo-Afghan War (1838-42) was fought between the British East India Company (EIC) and, the Emirate of Afghanistan, the ultimate victor. The British were keen to control Afghanistan as they feared Russian expansion into South Asia...
Battle of Sobraon
Article by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Sobraon

The Battle of Sobraon on 10 February 1846 was the last of four major victories for the British East India Company (EIC) against the Sikh Empire during the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-6). Lieutenant-General Sir Hugh Gough (1779-1869) commanded...
Battle of Aliwal
Article by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Aliwal

The Battle of Aliwal on 28 January 1846 saw the British East India Company (EIC) defeat the Sikh Empire. One of four major battles during the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-6), Aliwal was a decisive victory where the EIC's Bengal Lancers cavalry...
Maharaja Duleep Singh
Image by Daniel John Pound

Maharaja Duleep Singh

A painting based on a photograph of the 1850s showing Maharaja Duleep Singh (l. 1838-1893), last ruler of the Sikh empire who was deposed following the Anglo-Sikh Wars (1845-49). (National Portrait Gallery, London)
Tej Singh
Image by Victoria and Albert Museum, London

Tej Singh

A portrait of Tej Singh (1799-1862), commander-in-chief of the Sikh armies during the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-6) against the British East India Company. Tej Singh may have used deliberately defensive tactics during the war to secure himself...
Raja Balwant Singh of Jammu Standing
Image by Malyka

Raja Balwant Singh of Jammu Standing

Raja Balwant Singh of Jammu Standing, miniature painting, watercolor on paper, 145x99mm, Jammu School, 1765. Lahore Museum.
Maharaja Bhupendra Singh
Image by Historian of Punjab

Maharaja Bhupendra Singh

A colourised 1911 photograph of Maharaja Bhupendra Singh of Patiala (r. 1900-1938), one of the Indian princely states.
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