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Definition
Greek Dark Age
The Greek Dark Age (c. 1200 to c. 800 BCE, overlapping with the Iron Age, c. 1200-550 BCE) is the modern-day term for the period in Greek history following the Bronze Age Collapse when the Mycenaean Civilization fell and the Linear B writing...

Article
Wine Culture in the Hellenistic Mediterranean
The culture of drinking wine was enjoyed throughout the Mediterranean world, and what is true now was true in antiquity, too: wine is always good business. The Hellenistic Period (c. 335-30 BCE), between Alexander the Great and Cleopatra...

Article
Sailing on Lake Nasser towards Abu Simbel
In ancient times, the First Cataract at Aswan marked the southern frontier of Egypt. Beyond lay the land of Nubia, which stretched along the river Nile from the First Cataract southwards for about 250 kilometres (155 mi). This region, known...

Article
Wine in the Ancient Mediterranean
Wine was the most popular manufactured drink in the ancient Mediterranean. With a rich mythology, everyday consumption, and important role in rituals wine would spread via the colonization process to regions all around the Mediterranean coastal...

Video
The Dark Ages...How Dark Were They, Really?: Crash Course
John Green teaches you about the so-called Dark Ages, which it turns out weren't as uniformly dark as you may have been led to believe. While Europe was indeed having some issues, many other parts of the world were thriving and relatively...

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Wine Jar with Greeks Fighting Amazons
Red-figure wine jar decorated with a battle between Amazons and Greeks. Attributed to the Amazon Painter, mid-4th century BCE. Attica. 43.2 cm (17 in) in height. (Metropolitan Museum of Art)

Image
2013 image of labelled wine jars in first Tel Kabri wine cellar towards the southeast
An image of the wine pithos at Tel Kabri's Area D-West in situ during the 2013 excavation. The pithos were excavated out after the photo and this storage room is now covered over for conservation purposes. For purposes of the excavation...

Definition
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea is an eyewitness account of ancient travel to Africa and India via the Red Sea written by an unknown Greek-speaking Egyptian author in the 1st century CE. In this detailed account, the conditions of the...

Image
Corbita Sailing
This marble relief shows a man sailing a corbita, a small Roman coastal vessel with two masts. Found at Carthage, most likely produced in Africa Proconsularis (modern-day Tunisia) circa 200 CE. The corbita's sails were most likely made...

Definition
Sea Peoples
The Sea Peoples were a confederacy of naval raiders who harried the coastal towns and cities of the Mediterranean region between c. 1276-1178 BCE, concentrating their efforts especially on Egypt. They are considered one of the major contributing...