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Catherine of Aragon
Catherine of Aragon (1485-1536) was the Queen of England and first wife of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547). The lack of a male heir during their union made Henry divorce Catherine and, as a consequence, form the Church of England. As Catherine was a devout Catholic, she fervently fought against this idea but ultimately a divorce followed as the Pope refused to annul the marriage. Catherine’s refusal to accept the split forced her to be isolated from court and when the marriage was finally annulled in 1533, she lived a life of retirement until her death. Catherine’s story, however, did not end there because her daughter would be crowned in the near future, Mary I of England (r. 1553-1558).
A portrait of Catherine of Aragon. National Portrait Gallery, London.