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The Baths of the Roman Empire
An infographic illustrating a typical Roman bathhouse design and elements. The Baths of the Roman Empire were a complex network of public facilities playing a major role in the daily lives of the citizens of the empire. Most Roman baths followed a similar layout of interconnected rooms and spaces, including a frigidarium (cold room), tepidarium (warm room), and caldarium (hot room), along with an apodyterium (changing room), natatio (swimming pool), and palaestra (exercise areas). This standardized arrangement allowed bathers to navigate the complex with familiarity regardless of their location within the empire.