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Ancient Theatre of Iol Caesarea, Algeria
The ancient Theatre of Iol Caesarea (modern Cherchell in Algeria) was likely built during the time of Juba II (c. 48 BCE-23 CE). The orchestra was modified towards the end of the 2nd century CE or the beginning of the 3rd century CE to accommodate gladiatorial combats. The theatre's cavea was composed of 27 seats for 5000 spectators. When the building was converted into an amphitheatre, the five lowest tiers of seating were removed, together with the orchestra, and stage building, to create an elliptical arena surrounded by a perimeter wall to protect the spectators.