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The Sixteenth-Century Massacre of the Waldensians of Mérindol
As the Reformation developed in France in the first half of the 16th century, there were several episodes of severe repression which preceded the Wars of Religion (1562-1598). These were times of great hardship and oppression against those...
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Ghana Empire
The Ghana Empire flourished in West Africa from at least the 6th to 13th century. Not connected geographically to the modern state of Ghana, the Ghana Empire was located in the western Sudan savannah region (modern southern Mauritania and...
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Map of the World in the 14th Century
The 14th century was a time of crisis and transformation across much of the world. Plague, war, shifting power structures, and intellectual ferment reshaped societies from Asia to Africa, Europe to the Americas. Despite profound instability...
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Map of the Silk Road at Its Height in the Late 8th Century
This map illustrates the Silk Road in the late 8th century, a vast network connecting Tang China, Central Asia, the Islamic world, and Europe. More than just a silk route, it enabled the exchange of luxury goods, technologies, and religions...
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The Hittite Empire, 13th century BCE
A map illustrating the rise and expansion (c. 1750 - 1200 BCE) of the Hittites, ancient Anatolian people who spoke an Indo-European language. At its height around the mid-14th century BCE, the Hittite empire ruled most of Asia Minor from...
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17th-Century Musketeer
A drawing of a typical 17th-century musketeer. Musketeers were a standard component of European infantry armies of the period and particularly during the English Civil Wars (1642-51). Ink and watercolours. Drawn in the 19th century. (British...
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Map of the Dominant Religions in Europe, 16th Century - Shaping Nations Through Faith: The Religious Landscape of a Changing Continent
This map illustrates the major religious divisions across Europe during the 16th century, a period marked by the sweeping changes of the Reformation. As Protestant movements challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, the religious landscape...
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Map of 12th-Century Crusader States (Outremer)
This map illustrates the Crusader States, or Outremer (from the Old French outre-mer, meaning "overseas"), in the 12th century, established following the First Crusade (1096–1099) and expanded through subsequent campaigns such as the Second...
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Migration Period in Europe During the 4th & 5th Century
A map illustrating migrations of various peoples across fractured Europe and Western Asia after the division of the Roman Empire at the end of the 4th Century CE.
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Spanish Conquest & Exploration in North America in the 16th century
A map illustrating Spain’s drive to expand its empire following the 1492 Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula and Columbus's discovery of America. Inspired by tales of land and instant riches, thousands flocked to the New World with hopes...
