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Tamar of Georgia
Definition by Michael Goodyear

Tamar of Georgia

Tamar was the queen of Georgia from 1184 to 1213 CE. She is considered one of the greatest of medieval Georgia's monarchs, and she presided over its greatest territorial expansion, taking advantage of the decline of other major powers in...
Akkadian Stele of Ilšu-rabi from Tell Abu Sheeja
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Akkadian Stele of Ilšu-rabi from Tell Abu Sheeja

The stele was found at Tell Abu Sheeja, north of modern-day Amarah city, Maysan Governorate, Iraq. The Old Akkadian cuneiform inscription on the left side of the viewer mentions the name of the city of Pašime. Pašime lies western to the ancient...
Statues Inside the Temple of Abu Simbel
Image by David Roberts / Wellcome Collection

Statues Inside the Temple of Abu Simbel

Statues inside the temple of Abu Simbel, Egypt. Coloured lithograph by Louis Haghe after David Roberts, 1849 CE. Wellcome Collection, London. David Roberts travelled in the Middle East and North Africa, particularly Egypt, from...
Bas-Relief Inscriptions at Abu Simbel Great Temple
Image by UNESCO / Laurenza

Bas-Relief Inscriptions at Abu Simbel Great Temple

Great Temple (height: 110 feet / 33 meters, width: 127 feet / 38 meters) built under the 19th dynasty. On the facade, four colossuses about 67 feet / 20 meters high represent Rameses II (1290-1223 BCE). The complete work is 270 feet / 68...
Statue of Abu Bint Jablo, Hatra
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Statue of Abu Bint Jablo, Hatra

The Aramaic inscription on the base of the statute states that it was commissioned by Abu Bint Jablo's husband in her memory and that she was assassinated for an unknown reason under vague circumstances at the age of 18. The inscription also...
UNESCO Archives Film Collection - The World Saves Abu Simbel (1972)
Video by UNESCO

UNESCO Archives Film Collection - The World Saves Abu Simbel (1972)

Digitized by the UNESCO Archives. A production of UNESCO and the Abu Simbel Joint Venture. When the work began on the High Aswan Dam in Upper Egypt, the two temples of Abu Simbel, carved in the living rock which rises from the banks of...
Hieroglyphics Detail, Abu Simbel
Image by UNESCO / Laurenza

Hieroglyphics Detail, Abu Simbel

Great Temple (height: 110 feet / 33 meters, width: 127 feet / 38 meters) built under the XIXth Dynasty. On the facade four colossuses about 67 feet / 20 meters high represent Rameses II (1290-1223 BCE). The complete work is about 210 feet...
Umayyad Dynasty
Definition by Syed Muhammad Khan

Umayyad Dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE), the first dynasty to take the title of Caliphate, was established in 661 CE by Muawiya (l. c. 602-680 CE), who had served as the governor of Syria under the Rashidun Caliphate, after the death of the fourth...
Shahnameh
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Shahnameh

The Shahnameh (“Book of Kings”, composed 977-1010 CE) is a medieval epic written by the poet Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l. c. 940-1020 CE) in order to preserve the myths, legends, history, language, and culture of ancient Persia. It is the longest...
Ferdowsi
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Ferdowsi

Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l. c. 940-1020 CE, also given as Abul-Qasem Ferdowsi Tusi, Firdawsi, Firdausi) is the author of the Shahnameh (The Persian Book of Kings), one of the greatest works of world literature and the national epic of Iran. He...
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