Frederick I: Did you mean...?

The Holy Roman Empire officially lasted from 962 to 1806. It was one of Europe’s largest medieval and early modern states, but its power base was unstable and continually shifting. The Holy Roman Empire was not a unitary state, but a confederation...

Frederick Douglass (l. c. 1818-1895), abolitionist and author. Photograph by George Kendall Warren, 1879. National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.

A 14th century CE manuscript illustration depicting Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1220-1250 CE), and the Sultan of Egypt and Syria al-Kamil (r. 1218-1238 CE) who negotiated the handing over of Jerusalem to Christian rule during the...

Gold coin of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II (l. 1194-1250).

Tomb of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II (l. 1194-1250 CE) in Palermo, Sicily.

Portrait of Frederick II (l. 1194-1250 CE) from the "Manfred manuscript" (Biblioteca Vaticana, Pal. lat 1071) of De arte venandi cum avibus, late 13th century CE.

King Frederick William III of Prussia (r. 1797-1840), oil on canvas portrait by an unknown artist, between 1830-1840. Museum of Prussia, Minden, Germany.

Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (1763-1827), second son of King George III of the United Kingdom. He led the British forces during the Flanders Campaign of 1792-1795 during the French Revolutionary Wars and later served as commander-in-chief...

A manuscript depicting Frederick II (l. 1194-1250 CE) being excommunicated by Pope Innocent IV.

Gold coin of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, minted in Sicily between 1211-1250 CE. Weighs 5.2 grammes and measures 20 mm (British Museum, London)