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Ögedei Khan
Ogedei Khan (aka Ogodei) ruled the Mongol Empire from 1229 to 1241. He was the third son of Genghis Khan (r. 1206-1227), the empire's founder. Ogedei's accomplishments included creating a new capital at Karakorum, establishing a system of...

Definition
Ostrogoth
The Ostrogoths were the eastern tribe of the Goths (a Germanic people) who rose in power in the area north of the Black Sea. The designation, Ostrogoth, taken to mean 'Eastern Goth', actually means 'Goths glorified by the rising sun' and...

Definition
Bohemian Reformation
The Bohemian Reformation (c. 1380 to c. 1436) was the first concerted effort by Catholic clergy to reform the abuses and corruption of the medieval Church. Bohemian clerics and theologians called for reform and, like later advocates, initially...

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Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Austerlitz (2 December 1805), or the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the most significant battles of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). It saw French Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815) and his Grande Armée decisively...

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The Battle of the Catalaunian Fields
The Battle of the Catalaunian Fields (also known as The Battle of Chalons, The Battle of Maurica) was one of the most decisive military engagements in history between the forces of the Roman Empire under Flavius Aetius (391-454 CE) and those...

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Legions of Pannonia
Located west of the Danube, Pannonia was essential for the protection of the Roman Empire's eastern frontier. It had been occupied since 9 BCE but did not willingly accept Roman authority. Pannonia and Dalmatia revolted in 6 CE, and it would...

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Map of the First Crusade Routes
"This map shows the main routes taken by those who joined the First Crusade. The appeal was made by Pope Urban II in November 1095 CE but crusaders did not set out until the following summer. One route went through Hungary crossing the Byzantine...

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The Campaigns & Empire of Genghis Khan
A map illustrating the military campaigns and the expansion of Mongol territory under the leadership of Genghis Khan after the founding of the Mongol Empire in 1206 until his death in 1227. Genghis Khan (1162-1227) rose from relative obscurity...

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Totalitarian Regimes in Europe in 1939
This map illustrates the geopolitical situation in Europe in the lead-up to the Second World War (1939-45) as authoritarianism and totalitarianism were on the rise across the continent, fueled by political instability, economic crises, and...

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Suleiman the Magnificent and the Ottoman Empire, c. 1566
Suleiman the Magnificent (also known as Süleyman, Suleyman I, or Suleiman the Lawgiver) was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire, ruling from 1520 to 1566. Over his 45-year reign, he governed a vast, diverse empire...