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The Bulls of Guisando
The bulls of Guisando are four zoomorphic sculptures carved in stone and located in the Ávila region (Spain). These bulls were carved by the Vetonians, one of the Celtic peoples who lived on the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman conquest...

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Roman Bridge, Ponte da Vila Formosa
The Roman bridge Ponte da Vila Formosa, dating from the late 1st century / early 2nd century CE, is one of the best preserved bridges throughout the Iberian Peninsula. It is located on the way which connected Olisipo (Lisbon, Portugal) to...

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Wall Painting of a Swan in the House of Fortune, Carthago Nova
Roman fresco depicting a swan in the tablinum of the House of Fortune in Carthago Nova (modern-day Cartagena), a city on the southern Iberian Peninsula, Spain. The house dates to the late 1st century BCE and was occupied until the late 2nd...

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Verrco Sculpture from Ancient Iberia
This verraco of a pig is made of granite and dates from the 3rd-1st century BCE. It was created by members of the Vettonian culture of ancient Iberia and was found in the Spanish province of Ávila. Verracos were sculptures of male beasts...

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Islamic Caliphates
Caliphate (“Khilafat” in Arabic) was a semi-religious political system of governance in Islam, in which the territories of the Islamic empire in the Middle East and North Africa and the people within were ruled by a supreme leader called...

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Second Punic War
The Second Punic War (The Hannibalic War) was fought between Carthage and Rome between 218 and 201 BCE. The war involved confrontations in Spain, Italy, Sicily, Sardinia, and North Africa. Hannibal led the Carthaginians, one of the most gifted...

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The Nazca Lines: A Life's Work
The World Heritage-listed Nazca lines are a well-known part of the ancient heritage of Peru. One woman spent over 50 years studying and protecting them. Ana Maria Cogorno Mendoza shares the story of Dr Maria Reiche. The lines and geoglyphs...

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The Horse-rider Theory in Ancient Japan
The 'horse-rider theory' is a controversial proposal that Japan was conquered around the 4th or 5th century CE by a culture from northern Asia to whom the horse was especially important. Although archaeological evidence and genetics point...

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Hasdrubal Barca
Hasdrubal Barca (c. 244-207 BCE) was the younger brother of the Carthaginian general Hannibal (247-183 BCE) and commanded the forces of Carthage against Rome in Spain during the Second Punic War (218-202 BCE). They were both, along with another...

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Siege of Charleston
The Siege of Charleston (29 March to 12 May 1780) was a major military operation during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). Hoping to establish a foothold in the American South, British commander-in-chief Sir Henry Clinton led an...