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Seven Lucky Gods
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Seven Lucky Gods

In Japanese folklore the Shichifukujin are the Seven Lucky Gods who may also be known as the Seven Gods of Happiness or the Seven Gods of Good Fortune. The seven gods are in fact of diverse origin as some are originally from Buddhism, some...
Heiankyo
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Heiankyo

Heiankyo (Kyoto), located in the centre of Honshu island, was the capital of Japan for over a thousand years and gave its name to one of the golden ages of Japanese history, the Heian Period (794-1185 CE). Built according to Chinese design...
Ancient Japanese Incense Burner
Image by James Blake Wiener

Ancient Japanese Incense Burner

This ancient Japanese incense burner has a lion-shaped weight at the end of its handle. It was cast in bronze and dates from the 8th century CE during the Nara period in Japanese history. (Tokyo National Museum)
Japanese Troops Enter French Indochina, 1940
Image by Unknown Photographer

Japanese Troops Enter French Indochina, 1940

Japanese troops enter French Indochina and head towards Lang Son in what is northern Vietnam today. During 1940, Japan began to encroach on French Indochina so that they could cut off the supplies that were routed through the area and into...
Portion of a Japanese Buddhist Sutra
Image by James Blake Wiener

Portion of a Japanese Buddhist Sutra

This is a portion of the "Bussetsu zoho ketsugi kyo," which was a sutra copied by hand in ink on paper in 12th-century CE Japan. (Tokyo National Museum)
Japanese Bishamon Ten Scuplture
Image by James Blake Wiener

Japanese Bishamon Ten Scuplture

Made of wood with polychrome, cut gold leaf, and crystal eyes, this is one of the most remarkable statues from ancient Japan. The ink inscription eclosed in the statue of Bishamon Ten (Vaisravana) reveals that it was dedicated on the seventh...
Section of the Japanese Flower Garland Sutra
Image by James Blake Wiener

Section of the Japanese Flower Garland Sutra

This is one of 60 scrolls from a transcription of the "Avatamsaka Sutra." Ruled lines in gold pigment segment the paper, which is decorated with flakes of god. At some point, the top and bottom of this scroll were burnt in a fire with the...
Western Roman Empire
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Western Roman Empire

The Western Roman Empire is the modern-day term for the western half of the Roman Empire after it was divided in two by the emperor Diocletian (r. 284-305 CE) in c. 285/286 CE. The Romans themselves did not use this term. At its height (c...
Food & Agriculture in Ancient Japan
Article by Mark Cartwright

Food & Agriculture in Ancient Japan

The diet of ancient Japan was heavily influenced by its geography as an archipelago, foodstuffs and eating habits imported from mainland Asia, religious beliefs, and an appreciation for the aesthetic appearance of dishes, not just the taste...
Shogun
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Shogun

The shoguns of medieval Japan were military dictators who ruled the country via a feudal system where a vassal's military service and loyalty was given in return for a lord's patronage. Established as an institution by the first shogun proper...
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