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The Pont de l'Europe by Caillebotte
An 1876 oil on canvas, The Pont de l'Europe, by Gustave Caillebotte (1848-96) the French impressionist painter. Caillebotte uses the strong diagonal of the railway bridge to draw the viewer's eye down the street, following the dog. Such industrial...

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Viking Age Trade Routes in North-West Europe
Map showing some of the Viking Age (c. 790-1100 CE) trade routes that existed in North-West Europe during this time. Among the places depicted are such major trading centres are Hededy, Ribe, Birka and Kaupang from Viking Scandinavia; York...

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Clay Stove from Central Europe
Replica of a 16th-century earthenware stove with decorative tiles from around Šenkvice. Slovak National Museum, Bratislava. Central European clay stoves emerged in the late medieval period as an evolution of the traditional dome-shaped...

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Prominent Cities of Europe from Antiquity to the Present
A map of Europe displaying important cities that shaped its history, from antiquity to the present. Cities on the map represent key centers throughout history. Each city represents a distinct period from Athens, Rome, and Constantinople (now...

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The "Spring of Nations", Revolutionary Europe in 1848
A map illustrating the series of republican revolts and political upheavals against European monarchies in 1848, also known as the People's Spring or the Spring of Nations. The widespread violent unrest started in Sicily and, within a short...

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Elizabethan Trade with Europe, c. 1600
A map illustrating the flourishing English trade with Europe during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603). Following the abolishment of the Hanseatic merchants' Baltic monopoly, access to a new commodities market in Amsterdam...

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Central Europe 5th century CE
Map showing central Europe in the 5th century CE.

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Europe in 1878 after the Congress of Berlin
The Unification of Italy and the Creation of Germany in the mid-19th century, alongside the Congress of Berlin in 1878, redefined the political landscape of Europe, consolidating fragmented states into unified nations while reshaping alliances...

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Europe after The Treaty of Versailles
This map illustrates the situation in Europe in November 1920 in the aftermath of First World War (1914-18), as the continent was reshaped by the Treaty of Versailles (1919) and the Treaty of Sèvres (1920). The German Empire had collapsed...

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World War Two in Europe, November 1942
A map depicting the strategic situation in Europe and the Mediterranean in early November 1942, as World War II reached a critical turning point. Axis expansion had begun to reverse, while the Allies launched major offensives in North Africa...