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The Fall of the Western Roman Empire, c. 480 CE
A map illustrating the gradual process of disintegration known as the Fall of the Western Roman Empire. During the Migration Period (a period of accelerated movement of peoples across Europe between the 5th and 9th centuries, also known as...

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Franks
The Franks were a Germanic people who originated along the lower Rhine River. They moved into Gaul during the Migration Age, where they established one of the largest and most powerful kingdoms in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman...

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Map of the Third Intermediate Period
A map showing the political divisions in ancient Egypt during the Third intermediate Period, about 730 BC. The rulers of the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties ruled simultaneously, alongside Libyan chieftains controlling most of the Delta.

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Three Kingdoms Period of China and the Rise of Xianbei in the year 229 CE
This map depicts the boundaries of all major civilizations in East Asia at the beginning of the Three Kingdoms Period of China, with italics indicating nomadic bands and other tribal societies. Following the collapse of Han Dynasty in 220...

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Egypt in the Early Hyksos Period
Egypt and its political situation during the Second Intermediate Period (c. 1782 - c.1570 BCE), in which the Hyksos held power in the North and the Nubians held power to the South.

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Romani
Romani is an umbrella term used to describe a diverse ethnolinguistic group of people with a historical presence in Europe and West Asia. The historically common term 'Gypsy' is based on the myth that they came from Egypt. In reality, the...

Definition
The Saxons
The Saxons were a Germanic people of the region north of the Elbe River stretching from Holstein (in modern-day Germany) to the North Sea. The Saxons who migrated to Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries CE along with the Angles, Frisians...

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Sueki Stoneware from the Kofun Period
Three jars on pedestal platform, made of high-fired stoneware with natural ash glaze, from early 6th century Kofun Period Japan.

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Haniwa, Kofun Period
Terracotta Haniwa figure from Kofun Period Japan.

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Kofun Period, Gilt Bronze Crown
A gilt bronze crown. Nihon Matsuyama tumulus, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan. Kofun Period, 5th century CE. (Tokyo National Museum)