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Definition
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad ibn Abdullah (l. 570-632 CE) is venerated today as the Prophet of Islam and the “seal of Prophets” by his followers – the Muslims. Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last – hence the “seal” – of many prophets before him in Judaism...
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Definition
Muhammad Ghori
Shihab al-Din (also Muʿizz al-Din Muhammad ibn Sam), popularly known as Muhammad Ghori (r. 1173-1206 CE), was the Muslim ruler who laid the foundation for the subsequent Islamic ruling dynasties of India which saw its pinnacle later in the...
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Definition
Fatimah bint Muhammad
Fatimah (born between 605 and 615 CE, died sometime in 632 CE; date of death is disputed) was the youngest daughter of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad (l. 570-632 CE) and his first wife Khadija (l. 555-619 CE). Taking up after her father, Fatimah...
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Definition
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic-monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ibn Abdullah (l. 570-632 CE, after whose name Muslims traditionally add “peace be upon him” or, in writing, PBUH). Alongside Christianity and Judaism...
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Definition
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr (l. 573-634 CE, r. 632-634 CE) was an early convert of Islam; he was a close friend and confidant of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and became the first caliph of the Islamic empire – a successor to Muhammad's temporal position but...
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Muhammad Conquers Mecca & Destroys Its Idols
This illustrated manuscript depicts the Muslim army after their conquest of Mecca, it also shows the destruction of the idols inside the Ka'aba. Muhammad himself is not depicted, as depicting a prophet is considered taboo in Islamic tradition...
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Muhammad's Ascent in the Khamsa of Nizami
Muhammad's ascent to heaven in a vision, illustration from the Khamsa (Quintet) of Nizami of Ganja, Shiraz, Iran, 1449-50 CE.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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Definition
Rashidun Caliphate
The first four caliphs of the Islamic empire – Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali are referred to as Rashidun (rightly guided) Caliphs (632-661 CE) by mainstream Sunni Muslims. Their tenure started with the death of Prophet Muhammad in 632 CE...
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Shrine of Muhammad Ghori
Shrine of Muhammad Ghori (r. 1173-1206 CE), Pakistan.
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Coin of Muhammad Ghori
Coin of Muhammad Ghori (r. 1173-1206 CE).