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Louis XVI, the Girondins, & the Road to Revolutionary War (1791-92)
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Louis XVI, the Girondins, & the Road to Revolutionary War (1791-92)

On 20 April 1792, King Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792) stood before the Legislative Assembly and, with a faltering voice, read a declaration of war against Austria, to the ecstatic delight of the gathered deputies. This declaration sealed...
Haitian Revolution
Image by Auguste Raffet

Haitian Revolution

Attack and take of the Crête-à-Pierrot (4-24 March 24, 1802) during the Haitian Revolution. Original illustration by Auguste Raffet, engraving by Ernst Hébert, published in Histoire de Napoleon, by M. de Norvins, 1839.
Charlotte Corday
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Charlotte Corday

Charlotte Corday (1768-1793) played a prominent role in the French Revolution (1789-1799) when she assassinated radical activist Jean-Paul Marat in his bathtub on 13 July 1793. Despite her aristocratic background, Corday was an avowed republican...
Antoine Barnave
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Antoine Barnave

Antoine Pierre Joseph Marie Barnave (1761-1793) was a French lawyer, politician, and one of the most influential orators of the early stage of the French Revolution (1789-1799). He is notable for being a champion of constitutional monarchy...
Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution
Image by Pierre-Antoine Demachy

Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution

Execution by guillotine in the Place de la Revolution (modern-day Place de la Condorde) in Paris, during the Reign of Terror. By Pierre-Antoine Demachy c. 1807.
Causes of the American Revolution
Image by Simeon Netchev

Causes of the American Revolution

This infographic illustrates the Causes of the American Revolution (1765-1789) rooted in a growing sense of American identity and dissatisfaction with British policies. The colonies, long accustomed to self-governance under the system of...
Reflections on the Revolution in France Title Page
Image by Unknown Photographer

Reflections on the Revolution in France Title Page

The title page of Reflections on the Revolution in France, first published in 1790 and written by Edmund Burke (1729-1797), the Anglo-Irish statesman and political thinker.
History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution
Image by Mercy Otis Warren

History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution

The Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution by Mercy Otis Warren, Boston, 1805. Library of Congress, Washington D.C.
Robespierre & the Death Penalty
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Robespierre & the Death Penalty

"I come to ask, not the gods, but legislators…to erase from the code of the French the blood laws that command judicial murders" (Robespierre, 6). These impassioned words, spoken by Maximilien Robespierre before France's National Constituent...
Declaration of Pillnitz
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Declaration of Pillnitz

The Declaration of Pillnitz was a joint statement issued on 27 August 1791 by Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1790-1792) and King Frederick William II of Prussia (r. 1786-1797). The declaration appealed to all European powers to unite...
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