Philip II of France: Did you mean...?

The crown and salamander symbol used by Francis I of France (r. 1515-1547 CE). From the Château d'Amboise, France.

A statue of Francis I of France (r. 1515-1547 CE) in Cognac, France. The French king was born in the town in 1494 CE.

Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754-1838) was one of the most significant political figures in modern French history. Beginning his career as the cynical bishop of Autun...

Decius was Roman emperor from 249 to 251 CE. In 249 CE Roman emperor Philip the Arab sent senator Decius to be the governor of the troubled provinces of Moesia and Pannonia. Roman legions under the ineffective command of the governor...

The Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346 CE saw an English army defeat a much larger French force in the first great battle of the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453 CE). Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE) and his son Edward the...

Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc) was born in c. 1412 to a peasant farmer in Domremy in Medieval France, but at only 13 years old she received a vision that she should lead the French to victory over the English...

The Three Estates of pre-revolutionary France were the hierarchical social divisions that structured society under the Ancien Régime (French for "Old Regime," a term coined after the French Revolution to...

The House of Bonaparte was a short-lived but highly influential European dynasty that rose to prominence during the upheavals of the French Revolutionary...

Philip of France, Duke of Anjou, Proclaimed King Philip V of Spain, 16 November 1700, oil on canvas by François Gérard, 1824. Philip's accession to the Spanish throne triggered the War of the Spanish Succession...

Edward of Woodstock (1330-1376 CE), better known as the Black Prince after his distinctive armour or martial reputation, was the eldest son of Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE). Made the Prince of Wales in 1343 CE...