Philip II of France: Did you mean...?

Decius was Roman emperor from 249 to 251 CE. In 249 CE Roman emperor Philip the Arab sent senator Decius to be the governor of the troubled provinces of Moesia and Pannonia. Roman legions under the ineffective command of the governor there...

Pericles’ agora of Athens flourished under Macedonian control. After Macedon was defeated by Rome, the Romans added to the district even before Greece was taken as a province and more so afterwards. The Roman version of the agora continued...

A 1558 CE painting by Hans Eworth showing Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598 CE) and Mary I of England (r. 1553-1558 CE) who were married from 1554 CE until Mary's death in 1558 CE. (Woburn Abbey Collection, England)

A 16th century CE portrait by Giacomo Antonio Moro of Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598 CE).

A Roman Antoninianus coin from the reign of Marcus Julius Philipus, otherwise known as Philip the Arab, r. 244-249 CE.

Philip V of Macedon, 221–179 BCE, coin in British Museum.

Portrait of Philip I of Hesse (l. 1504-1567) as a young man, c. 1560.

Marble head of Roman Emperor Philip the Arab, from Rome, 244-249 CE. (Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen)

A marble portrait bust of Philip V of Macedon r. 220-179 BCE. A 2nd century CE Roman copy of a Greek original. (Palazzo Massimo, Rome)

Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560), German theologian and prominent figure of the Protestant Reformation, print by Lucas Cranach the Younger, c. 1561. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.