Pope Julius II: Did you mean...?

Pope Francis is facing calls to rescind a centuries-old policy called the ‘Doctrine of Discovery,’ stemming from a series of edicts, known as papal bulls, dating back to the 15th century, which states that white European nations "discovered"...

The Council of Trent (1545-1563) was a meeting of Catholic clerics convened by Pope Paul III (served 1534-1549) in response to the Protestant Reformation. In three separate sessions, the council reaffirmed the authority of the Catholic Church...

A map illustrating the last years of the Roman Republic and the chronology and landscape of the four-year-long Civil War (49 - 45 BCE) that started with Julius Caesar crossing the river Rubicon into Italy and ended on the plains outside Munda...

The "Tusculum portrait", one of two surviving busts of Julius Caesar made during his lifetime.

Bronze sculpture of Julius Caesar in Rimini, Italy. 1933 CE.

The death opf Julius Caesar as depicted by Vincenzo Cammuccini, 1804-5 CE. (National Art Gallery, Moderna, Italy)

A realistic approach in recreating Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE) by studying posthumous and contemporary statues and busts. Made using Artbreeder, an AI neural network.

Silver denarius of Julius Caesar. The coin depicts an elephant stepping on a snake with the legend "CAESAR" written below. The coin may reference his victory at the Battle of Thapsus in 49 BCE, where he defeated Roman and Numidian forces...

This marble bust discovered in the Rhône River, near Arles, is debated as a possible portrait of Julius Caesar, Musée de l’Arles antique.

A silver denarius of Julius Caesar depicting an elephant commemorating his victory over the Gauls and Germanic tribes in 58 BCE. (Archaeological Museum, Tarragona, Spain)