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Afonso de Albuquerque - Portuguese Admiral
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Afonso de Albuquerque - Portuguese Admiral

The Portuguese admiral and military commander, Afonso de Albuquerque (1453-1515 CE), who served as Governor of Portuguese India from 1509-1515 CE and captured Malacca in 1511 CE.
Art Nouveau Portuguese Ceramic Tile
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Art Nouveau Portuguese Ceramic Tile

The Art Nouveau period (c. 1890-1910 CE) saw the facades of Portuguese houses and buildings decorated with the flowing, curved lines of flowers, plants, vines, leaves, insects and animals that were typical of the...
Queen Catherine of Braganza as Saint Catherine of Alexandria
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Queen Catherine of Braganza as Saint Catherine of Alexandria

Queen Catherine of Braganza as Saint Catherine of Alexandria, oil on canvas by Jacob Huysmans, c.1664-70. State Entrance, Hillsborough Castle Royal Collection Trust
Catherine of Braganza
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Catherine of Braganza

Queen Catherine of Braganza (1638-1705), oil on canvas after Sir Peter Lely, circa 1660-1705. Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire National Trust.
Columbian Exchange
Definition

Columbian Exchange

The Columbian exchange is a term coined by Alfred Crosby Jr. in 1972 that is traditionally defined as the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas...
Crusades
Definition

Crusades

The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and then defend those gains. There were eight major official crusades between...
Knights Templar
Definition

Knights Templar

The Knights Templar were established c. 1119 and given papal recognition in 1129. It was a Catholic medieval military order whose members combined martial prowess with a monastic life to defend Christian holy sites and pilgrims...
Napoleon Bonaparte
Definition

Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) was a Corsican-born French general and politician who reigned as Emperor of the French with the regnal name Napoleon I from 1804 to 1814 and then again briefly in 1815. He established the largest...
King Arthur
Definition

King Arthur

King Arthur is among the most famous literary characters of all time. The Arthurian legend of the Knights of the Round Table, Camelot, the Quest for the Holy Grail, the love affair of Lancelot and Guinevere, and the wizard Merlin...
New England Colonies
Definition

New England Colonies

The New England Colonies were the settlements established by English religious dissenters along the coast of the north-east of North America between 1620-1640 CE. The original colonies were: - Plymouth Colony (1620 CE...
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