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Portuguese Macao
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Portuguese Macao

Macao (Macau) is located on a peninsula in the estuary of the Pearl River delta in southeast China and it was a Portuguese colonial settlement from c. 1557 until 1999. Macao was a major trade hub of the Portuguese Empire and with its unique...
Nok Culture
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Nok Culture

The Nok culture, named after the settlement of the same name, flourished in southern West Africa (modern Nigeria) during the Iron Age from the 5th century BCE to the 2nd century CE. Famous for the distinctive terracotta sculptures of human...
Gold in Antiquity
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Gold in Antiquity

Gold, chemical symbol Au (from the Latin aurum meaning 'shining dawn'), is a precious metal which has been used since antiquity in the production of jewellery, coinage, sculpture, vessels and as a decoration for buildings, monuments and statues...
Portuguese Ceramic Tile
Image by Pedro Ribeiro Simões

Portuguese Ceramic Tile

A polychrome faience azulejo (or glazed ceramic tile) showing a vase of flowers with cherubim. This tile is typical of designs influenced by Portugal's overseas colonies and territories. The tile is from Nossa Senhora da Esperança Convent...
Blue and White Tiled Stairs
Image by Kim Martins

Blue and White Tiled Stairs

A public staircase in Lisbon, Portugal showing azulejos (glazed ceramic tiles). During the early 18th century CE, Portuguese tile artisans fell under the influence of Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 CE) Chinese porcelain design and Dutch Delftware...
The Spice Trade & the Age of Exploration
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Spice Trade & the Age of Exploration

One of the major motivating factors in the European Age of Exploration was the search for direct access to the highly lucrative Eastern spice trade. In the 15th century, spices came to Europe via the Middle East land and sea routes, and spices...
Roman Roads
Article by Mark Cartwright

Roman Roads

The Romans built roads over ancient routes and created a huge number of new ones. Engineers were audacious in their plans to join one point to another in as direct a line as possible whatever the difficulties in geography and costs. Consequently...
The Chicken's Wedding Panel
Image by Pedro Ribeiro Simões

The Chicken's Wedding Panel

The Chicken’s Wedding panel (1660-1667 CE) is an azulejo (glazed ceramic tile) from the 17th century CE. A chicken is conveyed in a carriage that is escorted by a cortege of monkeys playing musical instruments. Singerie (French for “Monkey...
Statues of the Apostles
Image by Rei Artur

Statues of the Apostles

Sculptures of the twelve apostles at Evora Cathedral, Portugal - attributed to Pero and Telo de Garcia (Spanish sculptors of the 14th century CE). Photo take 2006 CE.
Capela dos Ossos (The Chapel of Bones)
Image by David Cross

Capela dos Ossos (The Chapel of Bones)

Capela dos Ossos (The Chapel of Bones) attached to the Igreja de São Francisco, Evora, Portugal. The Chapel of Bones was constructed by Franciscan monks in the late 16th century CE. Photo taken 2009 CE.
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