Prussia: Did you mean...?

Meeting of European rulers at the Pillnitz Conference, famous for the Declaration of Pillnitz, which was issued on 27 August 1791 and threatened Revolutionary France with invasion. Depicted in the center are Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor...

Sophie Charlotte Princess of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Queen in Prussia, oil on canvas by Noël Jouvenet, 17th century. Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin. Stiftung Preußische Schlösser und Gärten Berlin-Brandenburg & Handrick, Roland...

Marienburg Castle, built by the Teutonic Order in Prussia (now part of Poland and called Malbork Castle) in the 13th century CE.

Tsar Alexander I of Russia, Emperor Francis I of Austria, and King Frederick William III of Prussia meet after defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig (16-19 October 1813). Oil on canvas by Johann Peter Krafft, 1839. Deutsches...

The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and then defend those gains. There were eight major official crusades between 1095...

The First Crusade (1095-1102) was a military campaign by western European forces to recapture the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim control. Conceived by Pope Urban II following an appeal from the Byzantine emperor Alexios I...

The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a period of major societal and political upheaval in France. It witnessed the collapse of the monarchy, the establishment of the First French Republic, and culminated in the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte...

The Enlightenment (Age of Reason) was a revolution in thought in Europe and North America from the late 17th century to the late 18th century. The Enlightenment involved new approaches in philosophy, science, and politics. Above all, the...

The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) was the last major European conflict informed by religious divisions and one of the most devastating in European history resulting in a death toll of approximately 8 million. Beginning as a local conflict...

Louis XVI (l. 1754-1793) was the last king of France (r. 1774-1792) before the monarchy was abolished during the French Revolution (1789-99). An indecisive king, his attempts to navigate France through the crises of the 1780s failed, leading...