Russia: Did you mean...?

Prince Józef Poniatowski (1763-1813) was a Polish soldier and patriot, who served as commander-in-chief of the Polish army during the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). A steadfast ally of French Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815), Poniatowski...

Batu Khan (l. 1205-1255 CE) was a grandson of Genghis Khan and the founder of the Golden Horde. Batu was a skilled Mongol military commander and won battles from China to Persia, although his most famous exploits involve the grand Mongol...

The War of the Sixth Coalition (1813-1814), known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation, was the penultimate conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). The Sixth Coalition, which included Russia, Austria, Prussia, the United Kingdom, Sweden...

The War of the Fourth Coalition (October 1806 to June 1807) was a major conflict during the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). The Fourth Coalition consisted of Russia, Prussia, Saxony, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, against the First French Empire...

The Continental System was a major blockade of British trade imposed by French Emperor Napoleon I from 21 November 1806 to 11 April 1814. It was designed to cripple the British economy, thereby forcing Britain out of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815...

A map illustrating the rise and expansion of the Tsardom of Russia under the rule of Ivan IV Vasilyevich (commonly known as The Terrible, from the Russian “grozny“(грозный), Fearsome or Awe-inspiring). Originally a Grand Prince of Moscow...

A portrait of Empress Catherine II of Russia, oil on canvas by Alexander Roslin, 1780s. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

Ivan III, Grand Duke of Moscow (r. 1462-1505), picture from The Tsar's Titular, 1672. Scanned from Russian book RUSSIA: Complete Encyclopedic Illustrated Reference Book, OLMA-PRESS, 2002.

Portrait of Peter I of Russia, oil on canvas by Maria Giovanna Clementi (1690-1761).

The ivory throne of Tsar Ivan IV The Terrible of Russia (r. 1547-1584). Kremlin Museums, Moscow.