Russia: Did you mean...?

Portrait of Peter I of Russia, oil on canvas by Maria Giovanna Clementi (1690-1761).

A 1780s oil-on-canvas portrait by Alexander Roslin of Empress Catherine II of Russia (1729-96). Catherine was formally crowned empress regent on 22 September 1762 and this portrait endorses her royal status, perhaps a welcome endorsement...

The ivory throne of Tsar Ivan IV The Terrible of Russia (r. 1547-1584). Kremlin Museums, Moscow.

Ivan III of Russia (Ivan the Great, r. 1462-1505), engraving published in H.F. Helmolt (ed.): History of the World. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1902. University of Texas Portrait Gallery.

Emperor Alexander I of Russia (r. 1801-1825), oil on canvas portrait by George Dawe, c. 1818-1825. British Royal Collection.

Catherine II of Russia (Catherine the Great) was the empress regent of Russia from 1762 to 1796. During the mid-18th century, Russia was still regarded as culturally behind compared to Western European countries. However, during her reign...

Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great, l. 1672-1725) was the Tsar of Russia from 1682 to 1721 and the Emperor of Russia from 1721-1725. The lasting impression of Peter's long reign is the significant changes he brought to Russia due to his various...

The Kremlin is a fortified complex located in the centre of Moscow, Russia, which is made up of towers, high walls, palaces, and cathedrals. Construction of the Kremlin began as early as the 12th century. As one of Russia's most famous landmarks...

In eastern Europe, in the 17th Century CE a couple of "great powers" were coming into their own. The vast empire of Russia was modernizing under Peter the Great, and the relatively tiny state of Prussia was evolving as well. Russia (and Tsar...

Let's retrace on maps the first origins of Russia, from the creation of Novgorod during the IXth century, until the end of the Time of Troubles and the beginning of the Romanov dynasty.