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Carthaginian Naval Warfare
The Carthaginians were famed in antiquity for their seafaring skills and innovation in ship design. The empire their navy protected stretched from Sicily to the Atlantic coast of Africa. Able to match the tyrants of Sicily and the Hellenistic...

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Chinese Junk Ship
A 19th century CE oil painting of a traditional Chinese junk ship, used for ocean-going trade voyages since medieval times. (National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London)

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Chola Ship
This is a model of a Chola ship, rebuilt by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Location: Government Museum, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu state, India

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Ancient Indian Ship
This Ajanta mural depicts an ancient Indian ship with high stem and stern and three oblong sails attached to three masts. Steering-oars can also be seen.
Location: Cave No. 2, Ajanta Caves, Aurangabad District, Maharashtra state, India

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A Carrack Ship by Bruegel
A detail of a c. 1558 CE painting by Pieter Bruegel showing a carrack ship, the type of vessel used by the Spanish and Portuguese in the 16th century CE to transport treasure and precious cargo from the New World and Asia to Europe.

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Korean Turtle-Ship
A modern replica of a Korean turtle-ship (kobukson), used by Admiral Yi Sun-sin in the Imjin Wars between Korea, China, & Japan (1592-1598). The precise design is not known except that the deck was covered, perhaps using iron plating, and...

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Dutch Ship in Recife, Brazil
A c. 1640 painting showing a Dutch ship in the harbour of Recife, Portuguese Brazil. Painted by Abraham Willaerts. (Het Scheepvaartmuseum, Amsterdam)

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Ship Movements During the Battle of the Nile
Map of ship movements during the Battle of the Nile. British ships are red, French ships are blue. Image by Gsl; based on a map from Intelligence in War, John Keegan, 2003, p. 43.

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Scandinavian Stone Ship Burial
Early Scandinavian burial mound marked by stones laid out in a ship-pattern - a practice that was common in Scandinavia from the Bronze Age through the Viking Age. This particular one is situated in Anundshög, Västerås, Sweden, and dates...

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Phoenician Ship in a Storm
Artist's rendition of a Phoenician ship at sea during a storm. The Phoenicians were a great maritime people and often adorned their ships with horses' heads to honour Yamm, their god of the sea. Although Yamm could raise the seas to sink...