Sikh Empire: Did you mean...?

Daily life in the Byzantine Empire, like almost everywhere else before or since, largely depended on one's birth and the social circumstances of one's parents. There were some opportunities for advancement based on education, the accumulation...

The Achaemenid Persian Empire functioned as well as it did because of the efficient bureaucracy established by its founder Cyrus the Great (r. c. 550-530 BCE) which was administered through the satrapy system. A Persian governor of a province...

The apparatus of colonial government in the Spanish Empire consisted of multiple levels, starting with the monarchy and Council of the Indies at the top and moving down to the viceroy, audiencias, mayors, and local councils. The system was...

The battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 BCE concluded the Second Macedonian War (200-197 BCE) and consolidated Rome's power in the Mediterranean, finally resulting in Greece becoming a province of Rome in 146 BCE. This engagement is sometimes...

Daily life in the Inca empire was characterised by strong family relationships, agricultural labour, sometimes enforced state or military service for males, and occasional lighter moments of festivities to celebrate important life events...

In this gallery of four maps we chart the rise and expansion of the Holy Roman Empire, a pivotal period in European history following the decline of the Roman Empire. Emerging from the ashes of Rome's collapse, the Merovingian Dynasty in...

The Roman Empire was forged through warfare and in this collection we look at some of the key battles and revolts that shaped its borders from the reign of Augustus onwards. We look at Varus' shocking defeat at the Battle of Teutoburg Forest...

A mid-19th-century illustration by Henry Martens showing the battle of Gujrat on 21 February 1849 during the Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-9) between the British East India Company (EIC) and the Sikh Empire. The EIC won the battle and the war...

A mid-19th-century illustration showing the siege of Multan by the British East India Company during the Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-9) against the Sikh Empire.

An 1863 portrait of Maharani Jind Kaur who, from 1843, ruled as regent for her infant son Duleep Singh (l. 1838-1893), the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire which was dissolved after the Anglo-Sikh Wars (1846-9) with the Brtish East India...