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Council of Chalcedon
Definition by Rebecca Denova

Council of Chalcedon

The Council of Chalcedon was called in 451 CE by the Roman Emperor Marcian (r. 450-457) to settle debates regarding the nature (hypostases, "reality") of Christ that had begun at two earlier meetings in Ephesus (431 CE and 439 CE). The question...
Original Flag of the English East India Company
Image by Wdflake

Original Flag of the English East India Company

The original flag of the English East India Company (EIC), founded in 1600 by royal charter. The company later changed its name to the British East India Company and so the cross of St. George in the top right corner was replaced by a Union...
Solar System by Kornmesser
Image by Martin Kornmesser - International Astronomical Union

Solar System by Kornmesser

An illustration of the solar system by Martin Kornmesser. From The International Astronomical Union.
Economic Depression & Dictators: Crash Course
Video by CrashCourse

Economic Depression & Dictators: Crash Course

We're still leading up to World War II, but first we gotta talk about the rise of the dictators. Today we talk about the rise of militaristic dictatorships in Germany, the Soviet Union, Japan, and Spain, and the economic depression that set...
History vs. Vladimir Lenin - Alex Gendler
Video by TED-Ed

History vs. Vladimir Lenin - Alex Gendler

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/history-vs-vladimir-lenin-alex-gendler Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924 CE) overthrew Russian Czar Nicholas II (1868–1918 CE) and founded the Soviet Union, forever changing the course of Russian politics...
The Aftermath of Looting: Illegally Excavated Mesopotamian Tablets
Article by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

The Aftermath of Looting: Illegally Excavated Mesopotamian Tablets

He who saw everything in the broad-boned earth, and knew what was to be known, Who had experienced what there was, and had become familiar with all things. The Epic of Gilgamesh. The tornado has started After the US-led invasion of...
Interview: Kutuzov a Life in War and Peace by Alexander Mikaberidze
Interview by Kelly Macquire

Interview: Kutuzov a Life in War and Peace by Alexander Mikaberidze

Join World History Encyclopedia as they have a chat with author Alexander Mikaberidze all about his new book Kutuzov: A Life in War and Peace, published by Oxford University Press. Kelly: Thank you so much for joining me today, Alex. It...
Munich Agreement
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Munich Agreement

The Munich Agreement, signed on 30 September 1938 at the Munich Conference attended by the leaders of Britain, France, Italy, and Germany, handed over the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia to Germany in the hope that this act of appeasement would...
Einsatzgruppen
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Einsatzgruppen

Einsatzgruppen ('deployment groups') were secret Nazi killing units, who systematically sought out and murdered civilians identified as enemies of the Third Reich. Operating without any legal restrictions in territories newly conquered by...
Igor Stravinsky
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Igor Stravinsky

Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) was a Russian composer best known for his works for the stage, such as the ballets The Firebird, Petrushka, and the groundbreaking The Rite of Spring. The modernist composer lived in Switzerland, France, and then...
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