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Definition
The Four-Room House
The four-room house, also referred to as “Israelite house” and “pillared courtyard house,” emerged in the central highlands of Canaan during the late 13th -early 12th centuries BCE in response to environmental and socio-economic needs. The...

Article
Ethnicity & Identity Within the Four-Room House
The process of determining ethnicity is a problematic venture, even more so when interpreted through the archaeological record. Despite this issue, evidence, such as the four-room house, has been preserved that can be interpreted to represent...

Worksheet/Activity
Pax Romana Emperors - Web Quest
This activity has been designed to fit a 20-30-minute slot for your class and is suitable for both online and classroom teaching. Students have to complete a web quest and record their answer in a table It is part of our Economy and Trade...

Image Gallery
Faces of Roman Emperors: Nerva to the Severan Dynasty
A series of facial reconstructions of Roman emperors from the Nerva-Antonine Dynasty (96 CE-192 CE), the Year of the Five Emperors (193 CE) and the Severan Dynasty (193-235 CE). These photorealistic representations are only best guesses at...

Article
Why Kokopelli is Not Kokopelli: Paiyatamu & The Four Flutes
The iconic image of Kokopelli, the flute-playing kachina spirit of the Pueblo peoples, specifically the Hopi, is easily the most recognizable figure from Native American culture in the Southwest United States but, according to traditional...

Image
Artistic Facial Reconstructions of Roman Emperors
A poster with facial reconstructions of Roman emperors who ruled during the Principate, from the reign of Augustus (r. 27 BCE-14 CE) to Carinus (r. 283-285 CE). These photorealistic representations are only best guesses at how their subjects...

Image
The Emperors of Rome, 27 BCE - 285 CE
An infographic depicting the timeline of the emperors of Rome from the ascension of Caesar Augustus (Octavian) in 27 BCE until the end of the Crisis of the Third Century and the onset of the Tetrarchy under Diocletian "Jovius" in 285 CE through...

Definition
Emperor of Japan
The emperor of Japan is a position as the head of state which traditionally dates back to the 7th century BCE and the legendary figure of Emperor Jimmu (r. 660-585 BCE). Emperors came to be known as the Tenno or 'heavenly sovereign' in reference...

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The Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empire (96 - 180 CE)
An infographic illustrating the succession of Roman rulers between 96 and 180 CE, known as the Five Good Emperors (a term unknown to the ancient Romans, coined by Nicolo Machiavelli in his 1531 manuscript Discourses on Livy and made widely...

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The Barracks Emperors of Rome, 235 - 284 CE
An infographic illustrating the chaos and volatility in the Roman Empire during the Crisis of the Third Century, known as the time of the Barracks Emperors. Also called “Soldier Emperors,” the term was introduced in the 19th century but made...