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Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Austerlitz (2 December 1805), or the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the most significant battles of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). It saw French Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815) and his Grande Armée decisively...

Article
The Hypaspists in Ancient Sources
Hypaspist translitterates the Greek term meaning shield-bearer, or armour-bearer (ὁ ὑπασπιστής). This noun is formed from the verb ὑπασπίζειν - to carry the shield for another; serve as a shieldbearer. The Shieldbearers of the Argead kings...

Video
How Alexander Fleming Discovered Penicillin
Alexander Fleming was a Scottish doctor and microbiologist who discovered the world’s first effective antibiotic: penicillin. This discovery revolutionized medicine, and has been described as the single greatest victory ever achieved over...

Interview
Interview: Empire of the Black Sea by Duane Roller
Multiple Fulbright Award-winning Duane Roller joins us to talk about his new book, Empire of the Black Sea. The first thorough analysis in English of the dynasty as a whole, Empire of the Black Sea chronicles each ruler of the Mithridatic...

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Coins from Macedonia and Sogdia Copying Alexander's Coinage
The State of Sogdia was conquered by the army of Alexander the Great in 327 BCE. The early coins from Sogdia copy the coins of Alexander's Empire, telling us that they were issued after the conquest. Comparisons like this allow ancient coins...

Definition
James III of Scotland
James III of Scotland reigned as king from 1460 to 1488. He succeeded his father James II of Scotland (r. 1437-1460) at the age of eight, which led to some nobles taking advantage of the king's minority and even abducting him. James was also...

Definition
Alexandria, Egypt
Alexandria is a port city on the Mediterranean Sea in northern Egypt founded in 331 BCE by Alexander the Great. It was the site of the Pharos (lighthouse), one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, and the legendary Library of Alexandria...

Video
Alexander the Great: Life and Reign of the King of the Macedonian Empire
Have you ever wondered 'who was Alexander the Great? What is Alexander the Great famous for? or At what age and how did Alexander the Great die? Well, if you have, then this is the video for you. This video spans from the birth to the life...

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Portraits of Alexander and a Youth (Hephaestion?)
Marble portraits of Alexander the Great and a youth, perhaps Hephaestion, Alexander's closest companion, c. 325-320 BCE. One of the earliest surviving portraits of Alexander. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, on loan from the J. Paul...

Image
Statuette of Alexander the Great
This statuette once stood as a votive in the ritual chamber of the "Holy House" in Priene (Ionia Region, Turkey). The features of the statuette, as well as attributes like the flowing hair and emotional gaze, are strongly reminiscent of Alexander...