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Greek Bireme on an Etruscan Water Jar
Black-figure hydria from Vulci, Etruria, attributed to the Micali Painter, c. 510-500 BCE. The British Museum, London This Italiote reproduction of the Greek naval invasion of Troy based on the Iliad is shaped around a bireme (diiris...

Definition
Trireme
The trireme (Greek: triērēs) was the devastating warship of the ancient Mediterranean with three banks of oars. Fast, manoeuvrable, and with a bronze-sheathed ram on the prow to sink an enemy ship, the trireme permitted Athens to build its...

Definition
Roman Naval Warfare
Military supremacy of the seas could be a crucial factor in the success of any land campaign, and the Romans well knew that a powerful naval fleet could supply troops and equipment to where they were most needed in as short a time as possible...

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The Phoenicians - Master Mariners
Driven by their desire for trade and the acquisition of such commodities as silver from Spain, gold from Africa, and tin from the Scilly Isles, the Phoenicians sailed far and wide, even beyond the Mediterranean's traditional safe limits of...

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Pirates of the Mediterranean
The pirates of the ancient Mediterranean were not, for the most part, the outsiders who knew no country's allegiance and were the enemies of civilization as they are frequently depicted in novels and other media. They were often employed...

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Phoenician-Assyrian Warship
This gypsum wall relief depicts a warship. This ship was built and manned by Phoenicians employed by Sennacherib. It is a bireme, with two rows of oars. Shields are fastened around the superstructure, as on the fortifications of some city...

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A Byzantine Dromon
1:10 model reconstructions of Roman ships. 5: Dromon of the Byzantine navy (10-12th centuries CE), left: Bireme of the Neumagen type (220-230 CE)
Museum für Antike Schiffahrt, Mainz.