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Tablet Describing Parthian Conquest of Babylonia
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Tablet Describing Parthian Conquest of Babylonia

This tablet is written in cuneiform inscription and refers to the defeat of the Seleucid king Demetrius II Nicator by the Parthian ruler Mithradates I in 141 BCE. The Parthian ruler is referred to as Arshaka. The text also refers to market...
E-sagil Tablet & Building the Tower of Babel
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

E-sagil Tablet & Building the Tower of Babel

This tablet states the dimensions of each of the seven levels of Etemenanki, the ziggurat of Marduk at Babylon. This building is the Tower of Babel in the Book of Genesis. From Babylon, Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. Circa 600-400 BCE. (The...
Tablet with Hellenistic King List
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Tablet with Hellenistic King List

Written in Babylonian in the cuneiform inscription, this tablet lists the names and dates of several Seleucid kings. After Alexander's death, the Persian Empire fractured. Mesopotamia and Syria became part of the Seleucid Empire, with their...
Part of Tablet V, the Epic of Gilgamesh
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Part of Tablet V, the Epic of Gilgamesh

A newly discovered partially broken tablet V of the Epic of Gilgamesh: "the episode of the journey of Gilgamesh and Enkidu." According to Professor Farouk Al-Rawi (of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London), this...
Epic of Gilgamesh Tablet from Hattusa
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Epic of Gilgamesh Tablet from Hattusa

The cuneiform inscription on this clay tablet (VAT 12890) narrates part of the Epic of Gilgamesh (written c. 2150 - 1400 BCE). The obverse of this tablet relates the second dream of Gilgamesh on the journey to the Forest of Cedar, and part...
A Mesopotamian Tablet with Gynaecological Treatments
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

A Mesopotamian Tablet with Gynaecological Treatments

Recipes were written in cuneiform inscriptions. They concern conditions such as infertility and pregnancy. Probably from Babylon, Mesopotamia, Iraq. Circa 600-400 BCE. (The British Museum, London)
Distribution of Barley Rations Tablet from Girsu
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Distribution of Barley Rations Tablet from Girsu

Adult workers received standard rations of 30 to 40 pints of barley per month while children received 20; the barley was distributed as rations to about 200 workmen and their children. This scribe was clearly highly trained in this art. From...
Tablet Observation of Halley's Comet
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Tablet Observation of Halley's Comet

Babylonian astronomical diaries recorded daily observation of the moon and planets from around the 7th century BCE onward. The diaries for 164-163 BCE contain observations of Halley's comet at its 1st and last visibility. This observation...
Mesopotamian Tablet Naming Belshazzar
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Mesopotamian Tablet Naming Belshazzar

This adminsitrative document is dated to the "24th day of Kislimu in the 11th year Nabonidus, King of Babylon". It mentions "a slave of Bel-sharra-usur (Belshazzar),son of the king". Although Belshazzar is acting as regent, the formal date...
Schooldays: Sumerian Satire & the Scribal Life
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Schooldays: Sumerian Satire & the Scribal Life

Schooldays (c. 2000 BCE) is a Sumerian poem describing the daily life of a young scribe in the schools of Mesopotamia. The work takes the form of a first-person narration and dialogue in relating the challenges the student faces and how he...
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