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The Sun God Tablet or the Tablet of Shamash from Sippar
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

The Sun God Tablet or the Tablet of Shamash from Sippar

The Sun God tablet from the Temple of Shamash at Sippar, Southern Mesopotamia modern-day Iraq, Middle Babylonian Period, 860-850 BCE. The upper part of the tablet has a carved panel. Nabu-nadin-shum (a priest) and the goddess Aa lead Nabu-apla-iddina...
King Nabonidus Clay Cylinder from Ur
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

King Nabonidus Clay Cylinder from Ur

This clay document tells us how Nabonidus (the last king of Babylon) built and reconstructed the temple of Sin, the moon God, at Ur. It also mentions a prayer for the king and Beslshazzar, his son. From Ur, neo-Babylonian era, 555-539 BCE...
Mesopotamian Education
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Mesopotamian Education

Mesopotamian education was invented by the Sumerians following the creation of writing c. 3500 BCE. The earliest schools were attached to temples but later established in separate buildings in which the scribes of ancient Mesopotamia learned...
Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text

The Enuma Elish (also known as The Seven Tablets of Creation) is the Babylonian creation myth whose title is derived from the opening lines of the piece, "When on High". The myth tells the story of the great god Marduk's victory over the...
Library of Ashurbanipal
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Library of Ashurbanipal

The Library of Ashurbanipal (7th century BCE) is the oldest known systematically organized library in the world, established in Nineveh by the Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE) to preserve the history and culture of Mesopotamia...
Siege of Fort Meigs
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Siege of Fort Meigs

The Siege of Fort Meigs (28 April to 9 May 1813) was a major engagement on the northwestern frontier of the War of 1812. It saw a US army under Major General William Henry Harrison, holed up in the hastily built Fort Meigs, withstand a siege...
Scribes in Ancient Mesopotamia
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Scribes in Ancient Mesopotamia

Scribes in ancient Mesopotamia were highly educated individuals trained in writing and reading on diverse subjects. Initially, their purpose was in recording financial transactions through trade, but in time, they were integral to every aspect...
Babylonian Clay Map from Nippur
Image by Mary Harrsch

Babylonian Clay Map from Nippur

A Babylonian cuneiform tablet with a map of the fields, towns and palaces around Nippur. Kassite Period, 1550-1450 BCE. Nippur, Iraq.
Neolithic Clay Figurine from West Iran
Image by Nationalmuseumofiran

Neolithic Clay Figurine from West Iran

Neolithic clay goddess from Tappah Sarab, Kermanshah, 7000-6100 BCE. Clay figurines of female bodies with exaggerated reproductive organs are among the most common features of prehistoric sculpted art. With famous examples from Venus of...
Neolithic Clay Altar Figurine of a Mother Goddess
Image by Nathalie Choubineh

Neolithic Clay Altar Figurine of a Mother Goddess

Neolithic clay altar figurine of a mother goddess from Tumba Madzari, North Macedonia, the second half of the 6th millennium BCE. Archaeological Museum of the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje. Tumba Madzari (lit. hill of the tomb) is a Neolithic...
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