England: Did you mean...?

A manuscript depicting King Stephen of England (r. 1135 - 1154 CE) on the left, and King Henry II of England (r. 1154 - 1189 CE) on the right. Stephen is depicted standing and holding a falcon, Henry II is seated upon his throne. From...

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict between England and France lasting 116 years. It began principally because King Edward III (r. 1327-1377) and Philip VI (r. 1328-1350) escalated a dispute over feudal rights...

The Wars of the Roses (1455-1487) was a dynastic conflict between the English nobility and monarchy which led to four decades of intermittent battles, executions, and murder plots. The English elite was split into two camps, each centred...

A map illustrating the course of a series of civil wars in the Kingdom of England between the houses of Lancaster and York for the crown. Known today as the Wars of the Roses (a term coined in the 19th century by Sir Walter Scott), this dynastic...

A gold five guinea coin minted in 1692 during the joint reign of William III of England (r. 1689-1702) and Mary II of England (r. 1689-1694). Bode-Museum, Berlin.

A piedfort silver coin of Henry II of England or Henry III of England, minted in London, c. 1152-1252. The British Museum, London.

A 1690 portrait by Godfrey Kneller of William III of England (aka William of Orange and William II of Scotland). Protestant William replaced James II of England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He ruled jointly with his wife Queen Mary...

Drawing of Edward III of England (r. 1327 - 1377 CE). From an unfinished manuscript titled "Anonymous verses on the kings of England, to Henry VI". Made c. 1445 - c. 1450 CE, in south-eastern England, probably London. (British Library)

A portrait of William III of England (aka William of Orange and William II of Scotland). Protestant William replaced James II of England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He ruled jointly with his wife Queen Mary II of England. Painted...

A 1690 portrait by Godfrey Kneller of Mary II of England. Mary was the daughter of James II of England and she married William, Prince of Orange in 1677. The couple jointly ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland. Mary II reigned from 1689 to...