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The Ryukyu Castles of Okinawa
The medieval Ryukyu castles on the island of Okinawa, Japan are impressive testimony to the kingdom's power and wealth from the 12th to 16th century CE. Notable castles include Shuri Castle, the royal residence, and four excellent examples...
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Archaeological Excavations at Tel Kabri
Tel Kabri is an archaeological site in northwestern Israel that is best known as the location of one of the largest palaces in Canaan in the Middle Bronze Age or "MB" (ca. 2,000–1,500 BCE). Although Tel Kabri reached the height of its power...
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Piraeus & The Long Walls
An illustration of the Long Walls fortifications which connected the city of Athens to its port of Piraeus from the 5th century BCE.
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Map of the Saxon Shore, c. 380 CE
The Late Roman fortifications of the "Saxon Shore" (litus Saxonicum) in Britain and France.
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Reconstructed Gate of the Roman Fort Biriciana, Germany
The reconstructed gate of the Roman fort Biriciana in Weißenburg (Germany) along the Limes Germanicus. Biriciana was the garrison of the Ala I Hispanorum Auriana between the last years of the 1st century CE and the end of the Limes in the...
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Acropolis of Argos
The Hill of Larissa, site of the ancient acropolis of Argos (6th to 5th century BCE). Visible today are the fortifications of the 10th century CE which incorporated some of the ancient polygonal walls, particularly on the north side.
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Six-Chambered Gate at Tel Gezer
The six-chambered gate at Tel Gezer in modern-day Israel. This Iron Age gate was once thought built by King Solomon, however recent scholarship has cast doubt on this idea, with some scientific evidence pointing to a later date of construction...
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Tiryns
Tiryns was a major Mycenaean centre, the magnificent walled fortifications visible today date from the 13th century BCE. The large size of the stones of the walls led the ancient Greeks to believe they were the work of the Cyclopes.
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A portion of wall at Mari
A portion of the fortifications at the site of Mari, modern-day Tell Hariri, Syria. Mari's fortifications entered their most advanced stage in the 19th century BCE when the city and the rest of the region were under threat from Amorite invaders...
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Citadel of Mycenae
The view to the south from the upper citadel of Mycenae looking towards Argos (1350 BCE).