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Crucifixion
Definition by Rebecca Denova

Crucifixion

Crucifixion as a punishment was practiced by several ancient cultures, but most notably adopted by the Roman Republic and later Roman Empire. Crucifixion was a method of hanging or suspending someone on the combination of vertical and horizontal...
Antiochia ad Cragum
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Antiochia ad Cragum

Antiochia ad Cragum (“Antioch on the Cliffs” or “Antioch at Cragus”) was a Hellenistic Roman city located in Cilicia Trachea (“Rough Cilicia”, also known as Cilicia Aspera and Cilicia Secunda) on the southern coast of modern-day Turkey (in...
Cosmetics in the Ancient World
Article by Mark Cartwright

Cosmetics in the Ancient World

The wearing of cosmetics and perfumes by both men and women goes back a very long way indeed as the ancients were just as keen as anyone to improve their appearance as quickly and as easily as possible using all manner of powders, creams...
The Aztec New Fire Ceremony
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Aztec New Fire Ceremony

The New Fire Ceremony, also known as the Binding of the Years Ceremony, was a ritual held every 52 years in the month of November on the completion of a full cycle of the Aztec solar year (xiuhmopilli). The purpose of it was none other than...
Egyptian Stela of Horemheb
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Egyptian Stela of Horemheb

Only this fragment from the top of a round topped limestone stela has survived. There are 3 columns of hieroglyphic inscriptions; these state that the stela was "made by the guardian of king's provisions of the Lord of the Two Lands Horemheb"...
Rosetta Stone
Image by Trustees of the British Museum

Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone is an incomplete grey and pink granodiorite stela dating from 196 BCE which presents a priestly decree concerning King Ptolemy V of Egypt. The text is in three different versions: Hieroglyphic, Demotic and Greek. The stone...
Egyptian Book of the Dead, Pashed Script
Image by Mark Cartwright

Egyptian Book of the Dead, Pashed Script

A portion of an Egyptian Book of the Dead in the hieroglyphic cursive script of Pashed. Papyrus. XVIII-XIX Dynasty. (Archaeological Museum, Milan, Italy)
Egyptian Door Jamb
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Egyptian Door Jamb

Limestone fragment of a door jamb from the temple of Seth (built by the Egyptian pharaoh Thutmose III) at Ombos (Naqada), Egypt, 18th Dynasty, 1543-1292 BCE. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London (With thanks to The Petrie...
Fragment from pyramid of king Pepi I
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Fragment from pyramid of king Pepi I

This limestone block fragment came from the debris of the north wall of the antechamber within the pyramid of king Pepi (Pepy) I at Saqqara. The fragment contains 5 vertical columns of green-filled hieroglyphic inscriptions. The cartouche...
Detail from the Sarcophagus of Ankhnesneferibre
Image by Guillaume Blanchard

Detail from the Sarcophagus of Ankhnesneferibre

Egyptian hieroglyphs carved on the sarcophagus of Ankhnesneferibre (26th dynasty), currently located in the British Museum.
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