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Article
Some new hypotheses on the problems of the Indo-Greek kingdoms
Warning: See the definitions of Greco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek Kingdoms before reading this article, otherwise the following lines could give you serious headaches! A lack of information is a common problem for historians of the Greco-Bactrian...
Article
The Ideology of the Holy Roman Empire
"The Holy Roman Empire was in no way holy, nor Roman, nor an empire," wrote Voltaire, and this interpretation still dominates the popular imagination, so the Holy Roman Empire is treated as a bad joke, a pale parody of the glory of Rome...
Article
The Extent of the Roman Empire
Time has seen the rise and fall of a number of great empires - the Babylonian, the Assyrian, the Egyptian, and lastly, the Persian. Regardless of the size or skill of their army or the capabilities of their leaders, all of these empires fell...
Interview
Interview: Rome Strategy of Empire by James Lacey
In this interview, World History Encyclopedia sits down with author James Lacey to chat about his new book Rome: Strategy of Empire published by Oxford University Press. Kelly: Can you tell us a little bit about your background...
Article
Continuity and Change after the Fall of the Roman Empire
The cataclysmic end of the Roman Empire in the West has tended to mask the underlying features of continuity. The map of Europe in the year 500 would have been unrecognizable to anyone living a hundred years earlier. Gone was the solid boundary...
Image
Ashokan Pillar Base, Sarnath
Remains of an Ashokan Pillar in the Buddhist monastery around the Dharmarajika Stupa. The pillar has three inscriptions: the earliest is an Ashokan edict warning the monks and nuns of the monastery against quarrelling with each other, the...
Image
Gold Pendant from India/Pakistan
One side (reverse) of this elaborate gold pendant has designs based on coins of the Kushan rulers Kanishka I (100-126 CE) or Huvishka (126-163 CE); it shows an image of the goddess of wealth. On the other side (obverse, this image), the image...
Image
Gandhara Bodhisattva
Bodhisattva Maitreya Kushan period 2nd-3rd century CE from the ancient region of Gandhara, India/Afghanistan. (Asian Art Museum, San Francisco).
Image
Statue of a Goddess from Kashmir
This statue of the goddess of prosperity shows her seated on a lotus and a lion. She holds a lotus bud in her right hand and the pot of abundance in her left. These symbols of prosperity derive from the horn of plenty (cornucopia) carried...
Article
Battles & Conquests Of The Ottoman Empire (1299-1683)
Spanning across three continents and holding dominance over the Black and Mediterranean Seas, the Ottoman Sultanate (1299-1922) was a global military superpower between the 15th and 17th centuries. From the point of its inception in 1299...