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Legions of Syria
The Roman legions of Syria served as a buffer, protecting the Roman Empire not only externally from such threats as Parthia and the Sasanian Empire but also internally during the Great Jewish Revolt of 66 CE and the Bar-Kochba Revolt (132-135...

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Legions of Moesia
The province of Moesia was vital to the Roman military’s protection of the Balkans. Subdued by the Roman commander Marcus Licinius Crassus in 29 BCE, it was initially part of Macedonia. Due to its location along the Danube, it became essential...

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Legions of Mesopotamia, Cappadocia, & Arabia
As the Roman Empire expanded further eastward, annexing territories that were once the domain of the Parthians, the legions of Mesopotamia, Cappadocia, and Arabia were called upon to safeguard these newly acquired territories. Mesopotamia...

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Legions of Britain
After the Roman emperor Claudius (r. 41-54 CE) successfully conquered Britain in 43 CE, four legions were left there to maintain the peace: XIV Gemina, II Augusta, IX Hispana, and XX Valeria Victrix. However, by the end of the decade, XIV...

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Legions of Spain, Roman Africa & Egypt
The legions of Spain, Roman Africa, and Egypt did not see the intensity of action that prevailed elsewhere in Europe. However, the presence of these four legions - VII Gemina, IX Hispana, XXII Deiotariana, and II Traiana Fortis - was still...

Definition
Legio II Augusta
Legio II Augusta was a legion of the Roman army that, throughout its centuries-long history, had fought in the Cantabrian Wars of 29-19 BCE, Germanicus' German campaigns in 9 CE, the invasion of Britain in 43 CE, and Septimus Severus' Scottish...

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Stamp of Legio X Fretensis
Tile fragment with a stamp of Legio X Fretensis, "LG X F", and its symbol, a wild boar and a battleship. Found in Jerusalem, 1st-2nd century CE. Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

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Eighth Cohort of Legio X Fretensis
Inscription of the eighth cohort of Legio X Fretensis. From Jerusalem or Samaria, 1st-2nd century CE. Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

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Dedication to Hadrian by Legio X Fretensis
Inscription set up by the soldiers of Legio X Fretensis to coincide with the official visit of Hadrian to Aelia Capitolina in 130 CE. Israel Museum, Jerusalem. "To the Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, son of the deified Traianus...

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Dedication to Hadrian by Legio X Fretensis
Inscription set up by the soldiers of Legio X Fretensis to coincide with the official visit of Hadrian to Aelia Capitolina in 130 CE. Israel Museum, Jerusalem. ”To the Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, son of the deified Traianus...