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Reconstructed Roman Pilum
Reconstructed Roman pila used in a reenactment show of Legio XV from Pram, Austria, 2005 CE.

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Principia of the Legionary Base at Lambaesis
The legionary base at Lambaesis in modern-day Algeria was founded shortly before Hadrian's (r. 117-138 CE) visit to the North African provinces in 128 CE. It was the camp of the third legion (Legio III Augusta). The camp covered an area of...

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Cenotaph of Marcus Caelius
Cenotaph of Marcus Caelius, 1st centurion of Legio XVIII who fell in the war of Varus, the Battle in the Teutoburg Forest in 9 CE. (LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn) Inscription: "To Marcus Caelius, son of Titus, of the Lemonian district, from Bologna...

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Bronze statue of Hadrian
Bronze statue of Hadrian, found at the Camp of the Sixth Roman Legion in Tel Shalem (Israel). It was found by chance by an American tourist in 1975 while searching for ancient coins with a metal detector. Tel Shalem was once occupied by a...

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Half-figure tombstone of Gaius Largennius
Half-figure tombstone of Gaius Largennius of legio II Augusta from Strasbourg. General view of half-figure relief.
Inv. Nr. 2431; Éspérandieu 5495
H: 1.48m; W: 0.655m; Th: 0.21m

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Groma of the Legionary Base at Lambaesis
The legionary base at Lambaesis in modern-day Algeria was founded shortly before Hadrian's (r. 117-138 CE) visit to the North African provinces in 128 CE. It was the camp of the third legion (Legio III Augusta). The camp covered an area of...

Definition
Roman Legionary
The Roman legionary was a well-trained and disciplined foot soldier, fighting as part of a professional well-organized unit, the legion (Latin: legio), established by the Marian Reforms. While major tactical changes appeared during the final...

Definition
Centurion
The centurion (centurio in Latin) was an officer in the Roman army whose experience and valour were a crucial factor in maintaining order on the battlefield and ensuring Rome's military successes spanned over centuries. A centurion commanded...

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The Bar-Kochba Revolt
The Bar Kochba Revolt (132–136 CE) was the third and final war between the Jewish people and the Roman Empire. It followed a long period of tension and violence, marked by the first Jewish uprising of 66-70 CE, which ended with the destruction...

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Dacia
Dacia was a region inhabited by the Dacians in the north of the Danube (modern Romania). The kingdom of Dacia was the creation of Burebistas (c. 80-44 BCE), who conquered and united several other Dacian principalities. Burebistas practically...