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Edward VI of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Edward VI of England

Edward VI of England reigned as king from 1547 to 1553 CE. Succeeding his father Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE), Edward was only nine years old at the time and so the kingdom was ruled by a council of nobles, foremost among whom...
Mary Cassatt: A Gallery of 30 Paintings
Image Gallery by Mark Cartwright

Mary Cassatt: A Gallery of 30 Paintings

In this gallery, we showcase 30 works by Mary Cassatt (1844-1926), the American impressionist painter. The selection here is presented in chronological sequence to show the artist's career progression. Cassatt was most interested in capturing...
James V of Scotland
Definition by Mark Cartwright

James V of Scotland

James V of Scotland ruled as king from 1513 to 1542. He succeeded his father James IV of Scotland (r. 1488-1513), one of the country's most popular Stuart kings, but as he was still a child, the early part of his reign was tempestuous with...
Glorious Revolution
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Glorious Revolution

The Glorious Revolution of November 1688 saw Protestant William of Orange (l. 1650-1702) invade England and take the throne of Catholic James II of England (r. 1685-1688). There were no battles, and William was invited by Parliament to become...
Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha 
Definition by Rebecca Denova

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha 

In the 2nd century CE, as Christianity was in the process of becoming an independent religion, a body of literature emerged that scholars classify as apocrypha and pseudepigrapha. Apocrypha (Greek: apokryptein, "to hide away") are those books...
Nativity of Jesus 
Article by Rebecca Denova

Nativity of Jesus 

The nativity of Jesus of Nazareth is told in the gospels of Matthew and Luke. In Christian theology, the existence of two nativity stories by two different writers provided a prooftext for the historicity of the event. However, the two versions...
Anne, Queen of Great Britain
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Anne, Queen of Great Britain

Anne reigned as Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1702 and then, following the 1707 Act of Union, over a united kingdom as Queen of Great Britain until her death in 1714. The last of the Stuart monarchs, Anne's reign witnessed...
Henry VIII of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Henry VIII of England

Henry VIII of England ruled as king from 1509 to 1547 CE. The second Tudor king after his father Henry VII of England (r. 1485-1509 CE), Henry had inherited a kingdom which enjoyed both unity and sound finances. Famous for his six wives as...
Mary, Princess of Orange
Image by Peter Lely

Mary, Princess of Orange

A portrait by Peter Lely of Mary, Princess of Orange. Mary was the daughter of James II of England and she married William, Prince of Orange in 1677. The couple would later become the king and queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Mary...
Queen Mary II of England
Image by The Royal Collection

Queen Mary II of England

A 1690 portrait by Godfrey Kneller of Mary II of England. Mary was the daughter of James II of England and she married William, Prince of Orange in 1677. The couple jointly ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland. Mary II reigned from 1689 to...
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