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Chimu Civilization
The Chimu civilization, otherwise called the kingdom of Chimor, flourished on the northern coast of Peru between the 12th and 15th centuries CE. With their capital at Chan Chan, the Chimu were the largest and most prosperous culture in the...

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Early Explorers of the Maya Civilization: John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood
The names of John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood are forever linked to the Maya and Mayan studies as the two great explorers who documented the ruins from Copan in the south to Chichen Itza in the north. The stories told by Stephens...

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The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was played by all the major Mesoamerican civilizations and the impressive stone courts became a feature of many cities. More than just a game, it could have a religious significance and featured in...

Article
Aztec Pantheon
The gods of the Aztecs (1345-1521 CE) were many and varied and, as with many other ancient cultures, deities were closely associated with things and events important to the culture and the general welfare of the community. These include gods...

Definition
Chavin Civilization
The Chavin civilization flourished between 900 and 200 BCE in the northern and central Andes and was one of the earliest pre-Inca cultures. The Chavin religious centre Chavin de Huantar became an important Andean pilgrimage site, and Chavin...

Definition
Urartu Civilization
Urartu, also known as the Kingdom of Urartu or the Kingdom of Van, was a civilization which developed in the Bronze and Iron Age of ancient Armenia, eastern Turkey, and northwestern Iran from the 9th century BCE. Controlling territories through...

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Mesoamerican Dog Effigy
Red slip effigy of a dog. Made in Colima, Mexico, 100 BCE-300 CE.
Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.

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Mesoamerican Obsidian Mirror
A circular obsidian mirror from ancient Mesoamerica. Aztec, 1325-1521. Width: 10 inches /26 cm. (British Museum, London)

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Mesoamerican Obsidian Blade
An obsidian blade from Teotihuacan, Mexico. Length 10.5 inches (26.5 cm). (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

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Mesoamerican Red Dog Effigy
Earthenware effigy of a dog from Colima, Mexico, c. 100 BCE to 300 CE.
Walters Art Museum, Balitmore.