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Reconstructed section of the Cardo Maximus of Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem)
Reconstructed southern section of the Cardo Maximus of Jerusalem. Paved and lined with columns, the Cardo Maximus was the main road that ran through the Roman and Byzantine city and also served as the center for the local economy. This portion...

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Jeremiah Lamenting the Destruction of Jerusalem
Jeremiah Lamenting the Destruction of Jerusalem, oil on oak wood painting by Rembrandt, c. 1630.
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

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Brass Pyxis Depicting Jesus' Return to Jerusalem
Dating to the late 13th century CE, this brass pyxis depicts Jesus' return to Jerusalem, juxtaposed with standing figures (possibly saints). It is engraved, and decorated with silver. Measures 10.5 cm height and 10.3 cm in diameter. Weighs...

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Saladin and the Christians of Jerusalem
The Christians of the Holy City Defiling before Saladin by Alphonse-Marie-Adolphe de Neuville
Source: François Guizot (1787-1874 CE), The History of France from the Earliest Times to the Year 1789, p. 435.

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Ecce Homo arch, a triple-arched gateway in Jerusalem
The so-called Ecce Homo arch, a triple-arched gateway, built by Hadrian (2nd century CE), as an entrance to the eastern Forum of Aelia Capitolina. The central arch was flanked by two smaller arches, one of which can still be seen inside the...

Definition
Kingdom of Israel
The Kingdom of Israel occupied that part of the land on the Mediterranean Sea known as the Levant which corresponds roughly to the State of Israel of modern times. The region was known, historically, as part of Canaan, as Phoenicia, as Palestine...

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The Siege and Destruction of Jerusalem
The Siege and Destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans Under the Command of Titus, 70 CE, Oil on canvas.
Painter: David Roberts, c. 1850 CE

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Necklaces from the Old Babylonian period
These 3 necklaces were founds inside graves. From Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq. Old-Babylonian period, 2000-1500 BCE. The Sulaimaniya Museum, Iraq.

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A Gallery of the City of Babylon
The city of Babylon was once the most famous cultural and religious center of the ancient world and, in fact, was understood as the center of the world according to an ancient map. It did not acquire its reputation as a “city of sin” until...

Definition
Ark of the Covenant
The Ark of the Covenant refers to the box-like container that held the tablets of the Law received by Moses on Mount Sinai. Tradition claimed that it contained two stone tablets, carved by God, listing the first ten commandments given to...