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Derawar Fort
Image by Rohaan Bhatti

Derawar Fort

Derawar Fort, Punjab, Pakistan. The fort was first built in the 9th century and used by successive rulers including the nawabs of Bahawalpur, one of the Indian princely states.
Coin of Theophilus
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Coin of Theophilus

Silver coin the Indo-Greek King Theophilus (Theophilos) the Autocrat, reigned 130s or 90 BCE. From modern-day North-West India/Pakistan. (The British Museum, London).
Buddha's First Sermon
Image by Malyka

Buddha's First Sermon

Broken relief showing the First Sermon of the Buddha, 2nd–3rd century CE. The Buddha is depicted turning the Wheel of Law, with attendants and deer also visible. Peshawar Museum, Pakistan.
Copper Coin from Manikyala Stupa
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Copper Coin from Manikyala Stupa

As the stupa (Buddhist monument) had been enlarged and rebuilt over the centuries, worshippers added new deposits. When he opened the stupa, General Ventura recognized that the deeper objects were the oldest ones. The last dedication, "deposit...
Monument of the Battle of Chillianwalla
Image by Dr. Sohaib ul Hassan

Monument of the Battle of Chillianwalla

The monument to the Battle of Chillianwalla (now in Pakistan) fought on 13 January 1849 between the British East India Company and the Sikh Empire during the Anglo-Sikh Wars (1845-9). The battle was a draw with heavy casualties on both sides...
Sath Graha Central Temple
Image by Muhammad Bin Naveed

Sath Graha Central Temple

The main central temple at the Sath Graha section of Katas Raj, Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan, an ancient Hindu site dedicated to the worship of Shiva and prior to that a Buddhist site as well. This particular building is dated approximately...
Coin of Diomedes
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Coin of Diomedes

Silver coin the Indo-Greek King Diomedes Soter, reigned 95-90 BCE. From modern-day North-West India/Pakistan. (The British Museum, London).
Indus Valley Civilization
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization was a cultural and political entity which flourished in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent between c. 7000 - c. 600 BCE. Its modern name derives from its location in the valley of the Indus River...
Islamic Caliphates
Definition by Syed Muhammad Khan

Islamic Caliphates

Caliphate (“Khilafat” in Arabic) was a semi-religious political system of governance in Islam, in which the territories of the Islamic empire in the Middle East and North Africa and the people within were ruled by a supreme leader called...
Sasanian Empire
Definition by Alonso Constenla Cervantes

Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire (224-651 CE, also given as Sassanian, Sasanid or Sassanid) was the last pre-Islamic Persian empire, established in 224 CE by Ardeshir I, son of Papak, descendant of Sasan. The Empire lasted until 651 CE when it was overthrown...
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