Pope boniface viii: Did you mean...?

The six wives of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE). Top row, left to right: Catherine of Aragon (Unknown artist, National Portrait Gallery, London) Anne Boleyn (Unknown artist, National Portrait Gallery, London) Jane Seymour (Hans...

A portrait of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) by Hans Holbein the Younger, 1540 CE. (National Gallery of Ancient Art, Rome)

A 19th century CE painting by Daniel Maclise showing Anne Boleyn (c. 1501-1536 CE) meeting her future husband, Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE).

A portrait of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) by Joos van Cleve, 1530-35 CE. The scroll reads, in Latin, 'Go out into the world, and preach the gospel to every creature’ from the New Testament, Mark 16:15. (Royal Collection)

A portrait of Pope Julius II (r. 1503-1513 CE) by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, c. 1512 CE. (National Gallery London)

The tiara of Pope Pius IX (in office 1846-1878). Made in 1854. Made of a trio of gold crowns set with diamonds, emeralds, sapphires, pearls, and other jewels around a silver-thread fabric. It measures 35 cm (13.7 in) in height and diameter...

A 1645 illustration showing a cardinal checking that Pope Innocent X (in office 1644-55) is indeed a man.

The Council of Clermont in central France was held in November 1095 and witnessed Pope Urban II's (r. 1088-1099) historic call for the First Crusade (1095-1102) to capture Jerusalem for Christendom from its Muslim occupiers. The Pope's speech...

Shrine of Ptolemy VIII & Cleopatra II, originally from the Temple of Isis, Philae, found reused in a Coptic church, Ptolemaic Dynasty, reign of Ptolemy VIII, c. 170-116 BCE. The shrine held a cult statue of the goddess Isis, who is mentioned...

Galla Placidia (388-450 CE), the future empress, was the half-sister of the Westen Roman emperor Flavius Honorius (r. 395-423 CE), and the daughter of Theodosius the Great (r. 379-395 CE). She was taken hostage by Alaric during the sack of...