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Thebes (Egypt)
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Thebes (Egypt)

Thebes was the capital of Egypt during the period of the New Kingdom (c.1570-c.1069 BCE) and became an important center of worship of the god Amun (also known as Amon or Amen, a combination of the earlier gods Atum and Ra). Its sacred name...
Ramesses II in the Tree of Life
Image by Olaf Tausch

Ramesses II in the Tree of Life

A depiction of Ramesses II in the sacred Tree of Life before Ptah and Sekhmet, with Thoth behind him. Relief on the north wall of the second pillared hall in the Temple of Derr on Lake Nasser, Egypt. The Temple of Derr is a rock-cut temple...
Ramesses II Offering to Khnum
Image by Carole Raddato

Ramesses II Offering to Khnum

Wall relief of Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE) presenting vases of wine to Khnum, the god of the source of the Nile. From the inner part of the Temple of Beit el-Wali, a rock-cut temple in Nubia built by Pharaoh Ramesses II and dedicated to...
Social Structure in Ancient Egypt
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Social Structure in Ancient Egypt

The society of ancient Egypt was strictly divided into a hierarchy with the king at the top and then his vizier, the members of his court, priests and scribes, regional governors (eventually called 'nomarchs'), the generals of the military...
Ramesses II Statue
Image by Jan van der Crabben

Ramesses II Statue

Upper part of a seated granite statue of Ramesses II of Egypt (c. 1270 BCE). It was found in the pharaoh's mortuary temple in the Ramesseum in western Thebes. The granite is naturally two-coloured: The darker bottom colour was deliberately...
Ramesses II from Gerf Hussein
Image by Carole Raddato

Ramesses II from Gerf Hussein

Statue of Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE), one of several such figures that acted as pillars in the forecourt of the temple of Gerf Hussein in Nubia. The temple, dedicated to Ptah and Hathor and built by Setau, Viceroy of Nubia, consisted...
Ramesses II Relief
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Ramesses II Relief

This sandstone temple wall relief depicts the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II praying. From Memphis, New Kingdom of Egypt, 19th Dynasty, c. 1250 BCE. State Museum of Egyptian Art, Munich, Germany.
Abu Simbel, Interior of the Temple of Ramesses II
Image by Carole Raddato

Abu Simbel, Interior of the Temple of Ramesses II

The hypostyle hall of the Temple of Ramesses II at Abu Simbel is 18 m (59 ft) long and 16.7 m (55 ft) wide and is supported by eight massive pillars depicting the deified Ramesses linked to the god Osiris. The temple's interior is decorated...
Ramesses III and the God Amun
Image by James Blake Wiener

Ramesses III and the God Amun

On this stone stele made around c. 1150 BCE, one can see Ramesses III (r. 1186–1155 BCE) making an offering the god Amun. Ramesses III is considered by many historians and archaeologists to be the last great ruler of Egypt from the New Kingdom...
Ramesses II Offering to the gods at Wadi es-Sebua
Image by Carole Raddato

Ramesses II Offering to the gods at Wadi es-Sebua

Relief in the Wadi es-Sebua temple depicting Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE) making an offering to the gods. Approached by an avenue of sphinxes, the Wadi es-Sebua temple was built during the reign of Ramesses II and dedicated to Amun-Ra...
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