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Between Alexander & Rome: The Hellenistic Period
The Hellenistic Period refers to the time between the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) and the rise of the Roman Empire (32 BCE) in which Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean and Near East. Beginning with a series of conflicts...

Collection
The Architecture of Ancient Rome
Roman architecture was nothing if not eclectic. From ingenious underfloor heating to gravity-defying arches, the Romans added to the Classical repertoire such grandiose structures as the triumphal arch, basilica, amphitheatre, and city tower...

Collection
Daily Life in Ancient Rome
The daily life of Roman citizens, at least in the big cities, was anything but dull. Assuming one could get away from one's civic duties and household chores, there were many activities available to distract and entertain. A trip to the baths...

Article
Stories from the Westcar Papyrus
The Westcar Papyrus, dated to the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt (1782 - c.1570 BCE), but most likely written during the Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 BCE), contains some of the most interesting tales from ancient Egypt. The papyrus takes...

Article
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
To many historians, the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE has always been viewed as the end of the ancient world and the onset of the Middle Ages, often improperly called the Dark Ages, despite Petrarch's assertion. Since...

Definition
Brennus
Brennus (c. 390 BCE) was the Gallic war chief of the Senones who sacked and occupied Rome in 390 BCE. Nothing is known of him outside of the accounts given of this event which immortalized him as coining the phrase, “Woe to the Vanquished”...

Definition
Camillus
Marcus Furius Camillus (c. 445/446-365 BCE) was the first great general of the Roman Republic to also prove himself an able administrator and honorable politician. He was chosen as dictator five times, celebrated four triumphs, and was hailed...

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The Kingdom of the Vandals (435–534 CE)
This map illustrates the history of the Kingdom of the Vandals and Alans (435–534 CE), a state established in North Africa after the Vandals, a Germanic tribe, and the Alans, an Iranian-speaking nomadic group from the Sarmatian peoples, migrated...

Image
Genseric (Gaiseric) Sacks Rome 455 CE
Sack of Rome 455 (detail) by Karl Briullov (1799-2852 CE), Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Image
Map of Rome fragment
Forma Urbis (marble plan of ancient Rome) from the Via Anicia, fragment depicting the late Republican Temple of Castor and Pollux in Circo Flaminio, 1st half of 2nd century CE (National Museum of Rome, Baths of Diocletian, Rome)