Sultan: Did you mean...?

This costume is a replica of the clothing and armour found in the burial mound of the so-called "Golden Man", in Issyk, present day Kazakhstan. The scourge and sword found among the possessions are also included. The individual is thought...

Zal Consults the Magi, Folio 73v from the Shahnameh (The Persian Book of Kings) of Shah Tahmasp. Painting attributed to Sultan Muhammad, Tabriz, Iran, c. 1530–35. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

A 17th century CE painting by Jan Lievens of Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria (r. 1174-1193 CE) and the French nobleman and king of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Guy of Lusignan (r. 1186-1192 CE), enemies during the siege of Acre from 1189-1191...

The stag and the snake mosaic: In some ancient texts, the stag is seen as a rival to the snake. It can also draw a snake out of its hole with its breath. The deer was a symbol of fertility and the animal of Artemis. The stag is illustrated...

A 14th century CE manuscript illustration depicting Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1220-1250 CE), and the Sultan of Egypt and Syria al-Kamil (r. 1218-1238 CE) who negotiated the handing over of Jerusalem to Christian rule during the...

The tomb of Feroz Shah Tughluq, Sultan of the Delhi sultanate (r. 1351-1388) in the Hauz Khas Complex, Delhi.

Two children are seated on a dromedary. One of them wears a wreath around his head and is holding a bird in one hand and reins with the other hand. There is also a guide in front of them. Period: Early Byzantine, c. 6th century CE. Place...

A painting of Sultan Selim I (r. 1512-1520 CE) during the Egypt campaign (1516-1517 CE). (Source: Army Museum, Istanbul).

Herdsman milking a goat: An old bearded shepherd is milking his goat and a boy is holding a milk jug. This scene reflects pastoral life. Period: Early Byzantine, circa 6th. century CE. Place: Constantinople, (Modern Istanbul, Turkey). Great...

Illustration of the 1366 battle on the Nile river, fought between the forces of the Mamluk emir Yalbugha (c. 14th Century CE-1366 CE) and the Sultan Al-Ashraf Sha'ban (r. 1363–1377).