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Empire of Nicaea
The Empire of Nicaea was a successor state to the Byzantine Empire, or rather a Byzantine Empire in exile lasting from 1204 to 1261 CE. The Empire of Nicaea was founded in the aftermath of the sacking of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade...

Definition
Attalid Dynasty
The Attalid Dynasty ruled an empire from their capital at Pergamon during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE. Fighting for their place in the turbulent world following the death of Alexander the Great, the Attalids briefly flourished with Pergamon...

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Gold Phiale from the Panagyurishte Treasure
Gold phiale (shallow bowl) from the Panagyurishte treasure, early 3rd century BCE. National Historical Museum - Sofia/Plovdiv Archaeological Museum Photography: Oleg Konstantinov, Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum, Bulgaria (used with...

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Attic Black-Figure Amphora with Theseus
An Attic black-figure amphora with a scene showing Theseus and Procrustes, circa 480 BCE. (National Historical Museum - Sofia)
Photography: Archaeological Museum, Plovdiv, Bulgaria (used with permission)

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Painted Burial Chamber, Haskovo
A detail of a painted dromos and dome camera from a tumulus near Aleksandrovo village, Haskovo district, Bulgaria. The dromos has battle scenes while the burial chamber has a hunting scene, unfolded in a circle, and in the lower register...

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Painted Tomb, Kazanlak
Tomb in the town of Kazanlak, Bulgaria. Painted in dromos and dome camera.
Dromos - scene with battle scenes
Dome camera - a scene with a symposium
Beginning of the 3rd century BCE.
Photographer: Marin Karavelov (used with permission)

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Hellenistic Gold Earrings
A pair of Hellenistic gold earrings, 4th century BCE. Found in tomb II of Mogilanska Mogila tumulus at Vratsa. (Regional Historical Museum, Vratsa, Bulgaria)
Photography: Regional Historical Museum, Vratsa, Bulgaria.

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Painted Burial Chamber, Haskovo
A detail of a painted dromos and dome camera from a tumulus near Aleksandrovo village, Haskovo district, Bulgaria. The dromos has battle scenes while the burial chamber has a hunting scene, unfolded in a circle, and in the lower register...

Article
Warrior Women of the World of Ancient Macedon
The 8th November is celebrated as Archangels Day in Greece, but on that November day in 1977 CE something remarkable happened: an excavation team led by Professor Manolis Andronikos were roped down into the eerie gloom of an unlooted Macedonian-styled...

Article
Legions of the Parthian Wars
Parthia had always been a thorn in the side of the Roman Empire. The initial campaigns by Crassus and Mark Antony were total failures, and although Trajan and Syrian governor Cassius made some progress in the 2nd century CE, both failed to...