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Qanat
The qanat (called foggara in North Africa and the Levant, falaj in the United Arab Emirates and Oman, kariz in Iran, and puquios in Peru) is an ancient Middle Eastern irrigation technique in which a long tunnel is dug into arid land that...

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Trade in the Roman Empire Map (c. 200 CE)
This map shows the major sources of trade goods in the Roman Empire, circa 200 CE. The map shows the sources of the following trade goods: grain, olive oil, slaves, wine, metals, textiles and wild animals.

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Map of the Roman Trade Network (1st - 3rd centuries CE)
This map illustrates the main maritime and overland trade arteries that bound the Roman Empire together between the first and third centuries CE. From grain fleets in the Mediterranean to camel caravans across the desert and river barges...

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Second-Wave Civilization Natural Resources and Trade
A map illustrating the rise and spread of the Second Wave Civilizations between c. 500 BCE and 200 CE (including the Persians, the Greeks, the Romans, the Chinese, and India) with the flows of trade in major goods and resources.

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The East India Company Trade, c. 1800
A map illustrating the markets and goods traded by the East India Company (EIC) with East and Southeast Asia and India around 1800. Incorporated on December 31, 1600, by Queen Elizabeth I's Royal Charter, it was given an initial 15-year monopoly...

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Hellenistic Trade Routes, 300 BCE
Alexander the Great died in Babylon on the 13th of June, 323 BCE. His Macedonian-Greek empire broke apart, but Alexander’s heritage was felt throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for centuries. Three Hellenic empires emerged from the...

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Map of the Trade in the Indian Ocean 15th-16th century
This map illustrates the Indian Ocean trade (15th–16th centuries), a vast maritime network linking East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, facilitating the exchange of spices, textiles, metals, timber, and luxury goods...

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Transatlantic Triangular Trade Map
Map showing the flow of goods and enslaved people across the Atlantic between Europe, Africa and America in the transatlantic triangular trade which the European colonial powers operated from the 16th to the 19th centuries CE. This triangular...

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The Hanseatic League - Trade in the North and Baltic Seas c. 1400
A map illustrating the expanse and complexity of the northern Europen trade network of commerce and the powerful association of cities and merchant guilds known as the Hanseatic League (from Old High German - Hanse for “guild,” or “association,”...

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Map of Elizabethan Trade with Europe, c. 1600 - Where Ports Met Power - Trade and Diplomacy in the Tudor World
This map illustrates the expanding trade networks between England and continental Europe during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (reigned 1558–1603). It highlights the growing reach of English merchants across the North Sea, the Baltic, and...