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Adolf Hitler
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933. He gained power by making popular promises like improving Germany's economy and status in Europe, but when he took these policies too far, he was responsible more than anything...
Louisiana Purchase
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase was a land deal made in 1803, in which the United States purchased 828,000 square miles (2,144,510 km²) of land west of the Mississippi River from France for $15 million, or an average of three cents per acre. The purchase...
Second Continental Congress
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Second Continental Congress

The Second Continental Congress was the body of delegates that governed the Thirteen Colonies and, later, the United States during the American Revolutionary War. Between its first session in May 1775 and its disbandment in March 1781, the...
First Continental Congress
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

First Continental Congress

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies of British North America that gathered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from 5 September to 26 October 1774. Its primary purpose was to coordinate...
Red Cloud
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Red Cloud

Red Cloud (Makhpiya-luta, l. 1822-1909) was an Oglala Lakota Sioux chief, statesman, and military strategist who became the only Native American leader of the Plains Indians to win a war against the United States. Red Cloud's War (1866-1868...
Audiencia
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Audiencia

An audiencia began as a judicial institution in medieval Spain, but in the 16th century, it was applied as the highest form of local government in key cities of the Spanish Empire. An audiencia had a panel of judges made responsible for the...
Natchez Trace
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Natchez Trace

Natchez Trace is a historic site and park in the United States commemorated by the Natchez Trail Parkway stretching 444 miles (715 km) from Natchez, Mississippi, through northern Alabama, to Nashville, Tennessee, roughly adhering to a series...
Peggy Eaton and the Petticoat Affair
Image by Unknown Artist

Peggy Eaton and the Petticoat Affair

A cigar box depicting the Petticoat affair (1829-1831); Margaret 'Peggy' Eaton (née O'Neill) is depicted in the center. To the left, President Andrew Jackson offers her flowers – symbolizing his support for her during the scandal – while...
George Washington
Image by Gilbert Stuart

George Washington

Famous portrait of President George Washington (1732-1799), oil on canvas by Gilbert Stuart, 1803. Clark Art Institute of Williamstown, Massachusetts.
National Assembly, 5 October 1789
Image by Alexandre Dubelle

National Assembly, 5 October 1789

Women's March on Versailles, 5 October 1789. The National Assembly's president Jean-Joseph Mounier presides over a chatoic hall, with women marchers mingling with Assembly deputies. A man, probably Stanislas Maillard, holds a sign asking...
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