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Definition
Mali Empire
The Mali Empire (1240-1645) of West Africa was founded by Sundiata Keita (r. 1230-1255) following his victory over the kingdom of Sosso (c. 1180-1235). Sundiata's centralised government, diplomacy and well-trained army permitted a massive...
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The Gold Trade of Ancient & Medieval West Africa
West Africa was one of the world's greatest producers of gold in the Middle Ages. Trade in the metal went back to antiquity but when the camel caravans of the Sahara linked North Africa to the savannah interior, the trade really took off...
Definition
Mansa Musa I - The Richest Man in History?
Mansa Musa I was the ruler of the Mali Empire in West Africa from 1312 to 1337. Controlling territories rich in gold and copper, and monopolising trade between the north and interior of the continent, Mali grew extremely wealthy. Mansa Musa...
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Western Wall in Jerusalem
The Western Wall in Jerusalem has been the center of Jewish learning and memory for over 2,000 years. As the only fragment of the Great Temple to survive the Roman destruction following the Great Jewish Revolt of 66 CE, the wall is omnipresent...
Definition
Songhai Empire
The Songhai Empire (aka Songhay, c. 1460 - c. 1591) covered what is today southern Mauritania and Mali. It replaced the Mali Empire (1240-1645) as the most important state in West Africa. Originating as a smaller kingdom along the eastern...
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Western Classical Music, c. 1700-1950
Between c. 1700 and 1950, Western classical music evolved alongside profound political, social, and technological change, moving through four broad stylistic phases: Baroque, Classicism, Romanticism, and Modernism. The Baroque era (c. 1700–1750...
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The Western Mediterranean 264 BCE
Map of the western Mediterranean at the time of the First Punic War in 264 BCE.
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Map of Western Zhou
The states during the Western Zhou period (1046-771 BCE) in China.
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Bronze Axe Head Topped with a Man Ruling Animals from Western Iran
Bronze axe head topped with a man ruling animals, found in Saqqiz, Luristan, from Iron Age II (c. 1100-900 BCE). National Museum of Iran, Tehran. cc. no. 1434, photo by Neda Tehrani (Baloot Noghrei). Following the collapse of civilizations...
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Western Deffufa Temple, Kerma
The mud brick temple of Western Deffufa, Kerma (modern day Sudan), Middle Kerma Period ('Kerma Moyen') c. 2050-1750 BCE equating to the 11-13 dynasties of Middle Kingdom Egypt.
