The Varna System: Ancient India's Caste System

Illustration

Simeon Netchev
by
published on 10 September 2024
Subscribe to author
The Varna System: Ancient India's Caste System Download Full Size Image

This infographic illustrates the Varna caste system in ancient India. First mentioned in the Rig Veda's Purusha Sukta c. 1200–1000 BCE, it shows society divided into four groups that emerged from the sacrifice of Purusha, a transcendent and immense cosmic being: Brahmins (priests and scholars) from its mouth, Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers) from its arms, Vaishyas (merchants and landowners) from its thighs, and Shudras (laborers and service providers) from its feet. Initially, this system was based on occupation rather than birth. However, it became rigid over time, with varna status inherited. A fifth group, the "Untouchables" (Chandalas), was later added outside of the Varna system, facing severe discrimination and social exclusion.

Remove Ads
Advertisement
Subscribe to this author

About the Author

Simeon Netchev
Simeon is a freelance visual designer with a deep interest in the human side of history. He believes that every image should be an interaction, a commentary, and a narrative, and every map should lead on an exciting journey of exploration and discovery.

Cite This Work

APA Style

Netchev, S. (2024, September 10). The Varna System: Ancient India's Caste System. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/19424/the-varna-system-ancient-indias-caste-system/

Chicago Style

Netchev, Simeon. "The Varna System: Ancient India's Caste System." World History Encyclopedia. Last modified September 10, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/image/19424/the-varna-system-ancient-indias-caste-system/.

MLA Style

Netchev, Simeon. "The Varna System: Ancient India's Caste System." World History Encyclopedia. World History Encyclopedia, 10 Sep 2024. Web. 19 Sep 2024.

Membership